English Grammar Here
V1 v2 v3, definition, examples and detailed list.
English V1 V2 V3, Definition, Examples and Detailed List
Table of Contents
V1, V2 and V3
When learning English you need to know the meaning of certain words first, and then sort the words appropriately according to grammatical rules. Verbs in a regular structure can be transformed with a simple rule, whereas in irregular verbs, this situation is slightly different. It may be a good start to make some memorization and learn how to use the verbs in the right places.
In English there are regular verbs as well as irregular verbs. In Simple Past Tense and Past Participle forms, most of the verbs have -d, -ed and -ied suffixes, while some verbs do not follow this rule. These verbs which do not follow this rule and whose past tenses are completely different from the others are called irregular verbs.
Irregular verbs are used in the form of verb 2 and verb 3, Past Participle, depending on the situation and time of use. Now let’s take a look at the situations and how to use these verbs together.
Where is the second form of irregular verbs used?
Simple past tense sentences should be set with verb 2. In Past Tense sentences, irregular verbs should be in accordance with the following pattern;
Subject + Verb 2 + Object
- I took the bus last night.
- I slept yesterday at 12 o’clock.
- John took his car to New York last winter.
- Wrote a letter to a friend last night.
Where is the third form of irregular verbs used?
Present Perfect Tense: Used for situations and actions that have happened in the past but are still in effect. In other words, it establishes relations with the past and future.
Subject + Have / Has + Verb 3 + Object
- I went to my uncles.
- He just had his tea.
- I have never seen a lion in my life.
- My sister ate pasta before.
Past Perfect Tense: Used to describe a specific moment in the past tense or other situation that occurred before the event. For Past Perfect Tense , it is absolutely necessary to know the third form of verbs.
Subject + Had + Verb 3 + Object
- I saw the TV on the computer before turning it on.
- My mother taught me English.
- We went out after the snow started.
- I visited my uncle before going to the cinema.
V1 V2 V3 List
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About the author.
English verbs come in several forms . For example, the verb sing can be: sing, sang, sung, singing or sings . This is a total of 5 forms. Not many, considering that some languages (French, for example) have more than 30 forms for an individual verb. English tenses may be quite complicated, but the forms that we use to make the tenses are actually very simple! With the exception of the verb be , English main verbs have only 3, 4 or 5 forms. Be has 8 forms. Helping verbs have even fewer forms as most of them never change.
In this lesson we look at the forms of main verbs and helping verbs followed by a quiz to check your understanding.
Forms of Main Verbs
Main verbs (except the verb "be") have 3, 4 or 5 forms . The verb "be" has 8 forms. In the table below, the # column shows the actual number of forms for the given verb.
We use these forms to make all the tenses and other verb structures, in all moods, aspects and voices.
In the above examples:
- cut has 3 forms : cut, cutting, cuts
- work has 4 forms : work, worked, working, works
- sing has 5 forms : sing, sang, sung, singing, sings
- be has 8 forms : be, was, were, been, being, am, is, are
Note that in dictionaries the headword for any given verb entry is always in the base form.
- base form (the "bare infinitive")
- to + base form (the "to-infinitive")
At school, students often learn by heart the base , past simple and past participle (sometimes called V1, V2, V3, meaning Verb 1, Verb 2, Verb 3) for irregular verbs. They may spend many hours chanting: sing, sang, sung; go, went, gone; have, had, had; etc. They do not learn these for regular verbs for one very simple reason - the past simple and past participle are always the same: they are formed by adding "-ed" to the base .
They do not learn the present participle and 3rd person singular present simple for regular or irregular verbs for another very simple reason - they never change. The present participle is always made by adding "-ing" to the base, and the 3rd person singular present simple is always made by adding "s" to the base (though there are some variations in spelling).
Note that "have", "do" and "be" also function as helping or auxiliary verbs, with exactly the same forms.
Example Sentences
These example sentences use main verbs in different forms.
Base - Infinitive
- She helped him work on his homework.
- We heard them sing their national anthem.
- I want to have a drink.
- To be , or not to be , that is the question:
Base - Imperative
- Have a nice day.
Base - Present simple (except 3rd person singular)
- I work in London.
- You sing well.
- They have a lot of money.
Base - After modal auxiliary verbs
- I can work tomorrow.
- You must sing louder.
- They might do it.
- You could be right.
Past simple
- I worked yesterday.
- She cut his hair last week.
- They had a good time.
- They were surprised, but I was not.
Past participle
- I have worked here for five years.
- He needs a folder made of plastic.
- It is done like this.
- I have never been so happy.
Present participle
- I am working .
- Singing well is not easy.
- Having finished, he went home.
- You are being silly!
3rd person singular present simple
- He works in London.
- She sings well.
- She has a lot of money.
- It is Vietnamese.
Forms of Helping Verbs
We use helping verbs (auxiliary verbs) with main verbs. The tables on this page show the forms of all helping verbs.
There are 2 groups of helping verbs:
1. Primary helping verbs
We use primary helping verbs to change the tense or voice of the main verb, and to make questions and negatives. There are only three primary helping verbs: do , have , be . These verbs can also function as main verbs. When we use them as helping verbs, here are the forms that we use:
- Do you like him?
- He does go home sometimes.
- I did not see her.
- They have finished their homework.
- Has he arrived yet?
- John had not called for three weeks.
- They will be eating when we arrive.
- I am feeling sick.
- Are you working at the moment?
- Jo is not watching TV.
- Tara was cooking when I phoned.
- Were you expecting me?
- My car is being repaired.
- I have been working all day.
2. Modal helping verbs
We use modal helping verbs to change the "mood" of the main verb. As you see, modal verbs have only one form each. They never change.
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