essay life of prophet muhammad in english

Essay on The Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) | My Hero

Essay on the life of hazrat muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم), my hero in history.

In this post, you will find an Essay on the Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH), My Hero in History. You can write the same essay under the title, Essay on the Holy Prophet (PBUH) or Essay on the Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). This is a simple and easy essay for the students of Class 10 and Class 12. Students of 2nd Year of F.A, FSC, ICS and Icom can get benefit from this essay. Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is a role model for every Muslim. In this essay, we will discuss the whole life of Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) in short words. You can practice this essay as a course of your studies. If you are looking for more essays, you can visit English Essays Category .

Essay on The Holy Prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم)

Our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah in the famous tribe of Quraish. His father, Abdullah died before his birth. So his mother, Amna Bibi looked after him. But she also died when he was only six years old. New, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib took charge of him, but he did not live long. Finally, his uncle, Abu Talib looked after him and never left him alone in any hardship.

Our Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) married Khadija, a wealthy lady of Makkah when he was twenty-five years old. Hazrat Khadija handed over all her wealth to our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) to spend for good and noble purposes. He helped the poor and needy. When our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) reached the age of forty he was commanded by Allah, the Almighty to preach Islam. Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) started preaching that there is no God but Allah who is the creator of the universe and to whom all human beings would return.

The people of Makkah accepted Islam very slowly. In the beginning, only a few people accepted the new religion. The Makkans indeed became the sworn enemy of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his follower. They created all sort of troubles for the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) but he stood firm. At last, they planned to kill the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and he was compelled to leave for Medina where he was accorded a warm welcome by his followers. But the infidels did not allow him to live even there in peace. They fought several battles in order to wipe out the followers of Islam. However, Allah granted strength to our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) to defeat them and come out successful in his mission.

After ten years stay in Medinah, the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) came back to Makkah with ten thousand of his followers and conquered Makkah. On the day of his conquest, he could severely punish those who caused so much trouble and planned to kill him, but he excused everybody. After that, the new religion prospered by leaps and bounds.

Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) returned to his Creator at the age of sixty-three. He left for his followers the Holy Quran and the Sunnah. 

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Muhammad was a prophet and founder of Islam.

Who Was Muhammad?

Quick facts, the life of muhammad, the prophet muhammad, the death of muhammad.

Muhammad was the prophet and founder of Islam. Most of his early life was spent as a merchant. At age 40, he began to have revelations from Allah that became the basis for the Koran and the foundation of Islam. By 630 he had unified most of Arabia under a single religion. As of 2015, there are over 1.8 billion Muslims in the world who profess, “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet.”

FULL NAME: Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim BORN: c. 570 BIRTHPLACE: Makkah, Saudi Arabia DEATH: June 8, 623

Muhammad was born around 570, AD in Mecca (now in Saudi Arabia). His father died before he was born and he was raised first by his grandfather and then his uncle. He belonged to a poor but respectable family of the Quraysh tribe. The family was active in Meccan politics and trade.

Many of the tribes living in the Arabian Peninsula at the time were nomadic, trading goods as they crisscrossed the desert. Most tribes were polytheistic, worshipping their own set of gods. The town of Mecca was an important trading and religious center, home to many temples and worship sites where the devoted prayed to the idols of these gods. The most famous site was the Kaaba (meaning cube in Arabic). It is believed to have been built by Abraham (Ibrahim to Muslims) and his son Ismail. Gradually the people of Mecca turned to polytheism and idolatry. Of all the gods worshipped, it is believed that Allah was considered the greatest and the only one without an idol.

In his early teens, Muhammad worked in a camel caravan, following in the footsteps of many people his age, born of meager wealth. Working for his uncle, he gained experience in commercial trade traveling to Syria and eventually from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean. In time, Muhammad earned a reputation as honest and sincere, acquiring the nickname “al-Amin” meaning faithful or trustworthy.

In his early 20s, Muhammad began working for a wealthy merchant woman named Khadijah, 15 years his senior. She soon became attracted to this young, accomplished man and proposed marriage. He accepted and over the years the happy union brought several children. Not all lived to adulthood, but one, Fatima, would marry Muhammad’s cousin, Ali ibn Abi Talib, whom Shi’ite Muslims regard as Muhammad’s successor.

Muhammad was also very religious, occasionally taking journeys of devotion to sacred sites near Mecca. On one of his pilgrimages in 610, he was meditating in a cave on Mount Jabal aI-Nour. The Angel Gabriel appeared and relayed the word of God: “Recite in the name of your Lord who creates, creates man from a clot! Recite for your lord is most generous….” These words became the opening verses of sūrah (chapter) 96 of the Qur'an. Most Islamic historians believe Muhammad was initially disturbed by the revelations and that he didn’t reveal them publicly for several years. However, Shi’a tradition states he welcomed the message from the Angel Gabriel and was deeply inspired to share his experience with other potential believers.

Islamic tradition holds that the first persons to believe were his wife, Khadija and his close friend Abu Bakr (regarded as the successor to Muhammad by Sunni Muslims). Soon, Muhammad began to gather a small following, initially encountering no opposition. Most people in Mecca either ignored him or mocked him as just another prophet. However, when his message condemned idol worship and polytheism, many of Mecca’s tribal leaders began to see Muhammad and his message as a threat. Besides going against long standing beliefs, the condemnation of idol worship had economic consequences for merchants who catered to the thousands of pilgrims who came to Mecca every year. This was especially true for members of Muhammad’s own tribe, the Quraysh, who were the guardians of the Kaaba. Sensing a threat, Mecca’s merchants and leaders offered Muhammad incentives to abandon his preaching, but he refused.

Increasingly, the resistance to Muhammed and his followers grew and they were eventually forced to emigrate from Mecca to Medina, a city 260 miles to the north in 622. This event marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar. There Muhammad was instrumental in bringing an end to a civil war raging amongst several of the city’s tribes. Muhammad settled in Medina, building his Muslim community and gradually gathering acceptance and more followers.

Between 624 and 628, the Muslims were involved in a series of battles for their survival. In the final major confrontation, The Battle of the Trench and Siege of Medina, Muhammad and his followers prevailed and a treaty was signed. The treaty was broken by the Meccan allies a year later. By now, Muhammad had plenty of forces and the balance of power had shifted away from the Meccan leaders to him. In 630, the Muslim army marched into Mecca, taking the city with minimum casualties. Muhammad gave amnesty to many of the Meccan leaders who had opposed him and pardoned many others. Most of the Meccan population converted to Islam. Muhammad and his followers then proceeded to destroy all of the statues of pagan gods in and around the Kaaba.

After the conflict with Mecca was finally settled, Muhammad took his first true Islamic pilgrimage to that city and in March, 632, he delivered his last sermon at Mount Arafat. Upon his return to Medina to his wife’s home, he fell ill for several days. He died on June 8, 632, at the age of 62, and was buried at al-Masjid an-Nabawi (the Mosque of the Prophet) one of the first mosques built by Muhammad in Medina.

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Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): A Mercy For All Creation

- إِنَّ فِي هَذَا لَبَلَاغًا لِّقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ   

 - وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ

"Indeed, in this [Quran] is notification for a worshiping people. And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a mercy to the worlds." (Quran: 21:106-107 )

God's Messenger was the kindest of men in the same way as he excelled all others in courage and valor. Being extremely kind-hearted, his eyes brimmed with tears at the slightest sign of inhumanity. 

Aishah the wife of the Prophet narrates that the Messenger of God said:

God is Kind and He loves kindness, and confers upon kindness which He does not confer upon severity, and does not confer upon any thing besides it (kindness). -Muslim

A Mercy for the Believers 

The Messenger's (PBUH) compassion towards the believers was of the utmost degree. The Quran describes his compassion in the following verse, which means:

- لَقَدْ جَاءكُمْ رَسُولٌ مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُم بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَؤُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ

"There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you [i.e., your guidance] and to the believers is kind and merciful." (Quran: 9:128 )

Sa'd bin 'Ubaadah once became ill, so Allah's Messenger visited him in his house. On seeing his faithful Companion in a pitiful state, he was moved to tears. Then, he said: "Allah does not punish because of tears, nor because of grief, but he punishes because of this."- and he pointed to his tongue. (Al-Bukhari)

A Mercy Towards his Enemies

The prisoners of war taken captive at the battle of Badr were amongst his bitterest enemies. Nevertheless, he made sure that they were given the best of treatment. Among them was Suhayl bin 'Amr who was a fiery speaker and was denouncing the Prophet (PBUH). 'Umar one the Prophet's (PBUH) closest companions, suggested that two of his lower teeth be pulled out so that he might not be so vile in his speeches. The Prophet (PBUH) replied: "Were I to do this, Allah would disfigure me on the Day of Judgment, despite the fact that I am His messenger." (Hadith)

In Makkah, his people inflicted him with every kind of suffering, eventually forcing him to emigrate to Madinah, and then waged war on him for five years. However, when he conquered Makkah without bloodshed in the twenty-first year of his Prophethood, he asked the Makkan unbelievers who were awaiting his decision about them: "How do you expect me to treat you?" They responded unanimously: "You are a noble one, the son of a noble one." He announced to them his decision: "You may go free! No reproach this day shall be on you; may God forgive you."

A Mercy for Women

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was also very kind and affectionate towards women. Women were very badly treated in those times. The Noble Prophet gave them honor and dignity at par with men in the community. 'Umar reported: "We did not have much regard for women while we were at Makkah, but they were better treated in Madinah. Allah's Messenger established women's rights through his sayings and commandments, which improved their position and status."

A Mercy for Children

Allah's Messenger was particularly compassionate towards children. When he saw a child crying, he sat beside him or her and shared his or her feelings. He felt the pain of a mother for her child more than the mother herself. Once he said: "I stand in prayer and wish to prolong it. However, I hear the cry of a child and cut the prayer short for the anxiety which the mother is feeling." (Al-Bukhari)

He would take children in his arms and embrace them. He was once hugging his beloved grandsons, Hasan and Hussain, when Aqrah bin Haabis told him, 'I have got ten children. So far, I have not kissed any of them.' Allah's Messenger responded: "The one with no pity for others is not pitied." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim) According to another version, he said: "What can I do for you if Allah has removed from you the feeling of compassion?" (At-Tirmidhi)

A Mercy for Animals

His compassion encompassed not only human beings, but also animals.

The Prophet (PBUH) forbade his companions to keep the unintelligent creatures hungry or thirsty, to disturb or to overburden them. He commended that kindness and putting them at ease were meritorious acts tending to bring man nearer to Allah. Abu Hurairah reports the Prophet as saying: "A traveler who was thirsty saw a well in the way. He got inside the well and when he came out he saw a dog licking mud due to thirst. The man realized that the dog was as thirsty as him, so he got into the well again, filled his leather sock with water and carried it out holding it with his teeth. Thus, he quenched the thirst of the dog. Allah was pleased with this act of kindness and pardoned his sins." The Companions asked: "O Messenger of Allah is there recompense in the matter of beasts and wild animals also?" The Prophet replied: "There is recompense in regard to every creature that has a living heart."

'Abdullah bin 'Umar related that the Prophet said: "A woman was cast away to hell only because she had withheld food and water from her cat and refused to set it free so that the cat might satisfy its hunger by eating worms and insects."

Once on return from a military campaign, a few Companions took away the chicks of a bird from their nest to stroke them. The mother bird came back and when it could not find its chicks in the nest, it began to fly around screeching. When informed of the matter, Allah's Messenger became angry and ordered the chicks to be put back in the nest. (Abu Dawood)

The love and compassion of Allah's Messenger (PBUH) for all kinds of creatures was not of the kind claimed by today's 'humanists'. He was sincere and balanced in his love and compassion. He was more compassionate than any other person. He was a Prophet raised by Allah, the Creator and Sustainer of all beings, for the guidance and happiness of conscious beings - mankind and jinn - and the harmony of existence. Therefore, he lived not for himself but for others; he is a mercy for all the worlds.

Adapted from the article "The Prophet Muhammad: A Mercy for all Creation" by IslamWeb.

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World History Edu

• Prophet Muhammad

Life Story of Prophet Muhammad: the Last Messenger of God in Islam

by World History Edu · October 9, 2019

“There is no god except Allah and Prophet Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.” | The Muslim profession of faith, inscribed on the Topkapi Palace (Turkey).

The Prophet Muhammad is widely regarded as the bedrock of the Islamic religion. Muslims across the world hold him in high regard and view him as a righteous messenger to whom God (Allah) revealed the Quran (Koran). Growing up in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Muhammad’s date of existence is usually quoted as roughly 570-632 CE. Below, we present the full life story of the Prophet Mohammad (Peace be on to Him):

The Prophet Muhammad’s Birth

The Islamic founder’s birth occurred in the year  570 CE, Mecca. He was born to Abdallah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb. Unfortunately, Muhammad never saw his father with his own eyes – his father died before he came into the world. His family background and tree can be traced to the Quraysh tribe.

After the Prophet’s birth, his mother immediately knew that she had given birth to a great son. Aminah shared memories of the day she put the baby Muhammad down on the floor. According to her, the child directed his head towards the sky and gazed at the horizons, prophesizing one God (Allah). A voice then spoke out to her – ” you have given birth to a great one, he shall be called Muhammad”.

Muhammad’s paternal grandfather was called to pay a visit to the newborn. When he arrived, Abdul-Mutalib took the baby to the Kaaba and said some prayers to Allah. The Kaaba is a cube-shaped stone building in Mecca. Upon Muttalib’s return from the Kaaba,  the great baby boy was named Muhammad.

Less than 7 years after his birth, Muhammad was fully orphaned when Aminah passed away. His grandfather Muttalib took care of him as a guardian. Fully aware of the child’s great religious future, Muttalib specially treated Muhammad with all the goodness he could afford. It has been said that Muttalib even cared for Muhammad better than his own wards. This was because he had high faith in him.

At about age 8, another disaster struck little Muhammad. His grandfather Muttalib was called to eternal rest. For the rest of his upbringing, Muhammad was then cared for by Abu Talib, Muhammad’s uncle. His uncle was very protective of Allah’s messenger – he stood by him during his trying times until death separated them.

Early Life in Mecca

Muhammad’s family lines had strong trade ties and political influence in Mecca. During Muhammad’s birth era, most of the Arabians were nomadic people who traded goods across the desert. Their religious beliefs were largely that of polytheism. They believed and worshiped all sorts of gods (idols).

Deep within the city of Mecca, idol worshiping was no exception. Dozens of temples and shrines served as worshiping grounds for devout worshipers who either had no idea or didn’t believe in one God.

Of all the worshiping sites, the Kaaba was the most famous ground.  Islam followers believe that the Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim) was the one who built the Kaaba. In Arabic, Kaaba means “a cube”. Though numerous gods were worshiped in Mecca, Allah stood tall among the rest. He was the only true God that was not affiliated with idols.

During his teenage days, Muhammad partook in the nomadic lifestyle of his people. They used camels and crisscrossed deserts to trade for their livelihood. To some extent, Muhammad came from a less privileged family background. He joined his uncle on commercial voyages to Syria, and across the Mediterranean and then the Indian Ocean. Muhammad’s trustworthiness earned him the name “al-Amin”.

Prophet Muhammad Marries Khadijah

When he reached his twenties, Muhammad worked with a rich businesses woman by name Khadijah. Muhammad was 15 years younger than her. Their merchant dealings soon progressed into a strong bond of affection.

Khadijah, a wealthy widow, was all in to having Muhammad as a spouse, so she proposed marriage to him. Muhammad welcomed the idea and their union was blessed with plenty of fruits. However, not all their children made it into adulthood. Some died prematurely.

Controversially, in his energetic youthful days, Khadija was Muhammad’s only wife. His monogamous marriage was very unusual at that time, given the widespread polygamy that characterized his immediate environment. However, he later remarried other women when his first wife Khadijah died.

One daughter of his (Fatima) lived on and married Ali ibn Talib, a cousin to Muhammad. An Islamic branch called the Shi’ite Muslims have long maintained that Ali was the true successor of Prophet Muhammad.

Life and Meditation in the Cave

Muhammad grew up and loved to explore religious realms. He was far advanced in seeking to know Allah and truly understanding Allah’s mercies. In one such journeys, Muhammad discovered a cave called Hira in the mountain Jabal al-Nour. He found the cave convenient for religious meditations. He frequently visited the isolated hideout and got himself lost in contemplation of the Almighty and Magnificent Allah.

It has been alleged that Angel Gabriel visited Muhammad at the cage. The cave in someway manifested Muhammad’s level of spiritual commitment. Seated at the north of the mountain’s top, the question of how Muhammad discovered that isolated world is one that can’t be answered by an ordinary mind. To discover such a wonderful cave, many Islamic scholars and religious authors believe that it definitely took divine guidance and mercy.

Prophet Muhammad’s Spiritual Encounter with the Divine

Once he entered the cave, Muhammad lived in a separate world of his own. Apart from the sky view and the mountain surroundings, nothing else was visible to the naked eye. Shielded from external acoustic interference, everything was between Muhammad and the Merciful Allah. This gave the Prophet Muhammad’s mind the right atmosphere to think about things beyond the materialistic world.

At 40 years old, Muhammad was still in the mysterious cage when he had a spiritual encounter with Allah. It was here that he was presented with verse 1 of the Qur’an. After this revelation, Muhammad didn’t remain the same. It was a turning point in Islamic history.

In the space of 2-3 years after the Quranic revelation, Muhammad preached monotheism to his people. At first, he preached privately to people he trusted.  He later mustered courage and took Allah’s messages to the streets. And bingo, the Islamic religion was birthed. More and more people slowly joined Muhammad in praising Allah. They embraced Allah as the ever Merciful and the ever Gracious.

Sanctions and Persecutions

Since his new religion was founded in the hearts of an idol-worshiping society, it didn’t exist without some sort of hindrance or persecutions. The expansion of Islam brought forth life-threatening hostilities towards the Prophet and his followers. Not everyone saw him as a God-sent messenger.

From the onset, Muhammad was an enemy to many sections of idol worshipers in Mecca. They abused him verbally, physically and in many other ways. But his uncle Abu Talib had his back and defended Muhammad. So he carried on with his evangelism ( Jihad ).

By choosing Allah against the will and traditions of the inhabitants of Mecca, things took a dangerous turn in the form of sanctions, persecutions, and wars, after the revelation. Some of the Islamic converts who were held as slaves were tortured or murdered.

The Prophet Muhammad flees to Abyssinia

The idol-worshipers rose up against the Prophet Muhammad’s followers. By 614 CE, the severity of the persecution forced Muhammad to direct his fellow Muslims to flee to Abyssinia for protection. Abyssinia was a Christian Kingdom in Ethiopia. They had a just king who was hospitable to the Muslims. The Quraysh people reportedly tried to bribe the Abyssinian king to sacking the Muslims, but their wicked efforts failed.

A year after the successful migration of some Muslims to Abyssinia, the Quraysh people put up sanctions and targeted Prophet Mohammed’s family, his activities, and his followers. As a result of the sanctions, Muslims moved and settled at the site of a Meccan mountain. The sanctions flopped in 618-619 CE, after 3 years.

More Troubles, plus the Loss of His Wife and Uncle

Soon afterward, Muhammad lost his dear wife Khadijah. More troubles set in when his uncle also passed away. The Prophet suffered more persecutions from the enemies who were hell-bent on eroding Islam. The intensified persecutions necessitated a pilgrimage in 622 CE. The Prophet met with elderly leaders from Yathrib City and they pledged their protective support to Muhammad.

When the plan leaked out to the Quraysh people, the Yathribs had to quickly move back to their home. Sensing the impending threat, the Prophet instructed his people to secretly emigrate to Yathrib. In response, the Qurayshites plotted to have him killed as soon as possible. The Quraysh tribes collectively planned to carry out the murder in the night time when the Prophet would be asleep.

The Prophet Muhammad’s Pilgrimage from Mecca to Medina

Fortunately, Allah saved Muhammad from death at the last minute.  On the night of the planned murder, Allah instructed him to leave Mecca immediately and make his way to Yathrib. The Prophet did as Allah had instructed. When he safely departed from Mecca to Yathrib, Yathrib was renamed as “al-Madina” or Medina.  This famous emigration of the Prophet is called the Hijra .

The date of this important event is given as 622 CE. It happened about 12 years after the revelation of the first Quranic verses. The Prophet’s escape to Medina has significant implications in the Islamic world. It helped the Islamic religion to establish a strong foundation. The prophet lived in Medina for up to 10 years, before he left the world.

Significant Battles and Treaties

In the following years (624-628 CE), many battles were fought by the Muslims for their lives. The most significant battles were the Battle of Badr and the Battle of the Trench. These were followed by the Siege of Medina, which resulted in a peace treaty between the Meccans and Muhammad’s followers.

When the Meccans broke the treaty, another war broke out.  In 630 CE, Muhammad’s Muslim army was able to counter and defeat the Meccans pagans without fighting to the extreme.

By this time,  Muslim numbers had grown significantly. Prophet Muhammad pardoned his oppressors. As a sign of good fate, or perhaps with Allah’s intervention, the Prophet’s former foes willingly converted to Islam. The Muslim community then collected and destroyed all pagan items (idols) close to the sacred Kaaba.

Death of Prophet Muhammad and His Burial Place

“Prophet Muhammad, the Messenger of God” inscribed at the entrance of the Prophet’s Mosque (Al-Masjid an Nawabi) in Medina, Saudi Arabia.

After resolving the conflicts with the pagans, Prophet Muhammad ( peace be unto him ) took his pilgrimage back to Mecca. In March of 632 CE, on Mount Arafat, the Prophet gave out his last sermon. He later went back to Medina. There, a deadly illness attacked him and he sadly never recovered.

On 8th June 632, the Prophet Muhammad (in his early 60s) took his last breath. There are conspiracy theories that the Prophet was poisoned. To date, there is no evidence to support such claims. Prophet Muhammad was buried at a mosque in Medina, the al-Masjid an Nawabi (present day Medina, Saudi Arabia).

He is regarded as the “Last Prophet”. Muhammad teachings are summarized as the Hadiths. With regard to the Sunnah, they talk about the prophet’s exemplary lifestyle. Muslims believe that Muhammad was the only Prophet who saw both heaven and hell before dying.

Tags: Mecca Medina Muhammad's Pilgrimage Prophet Muhammad's death Prophet of Islam World Faiths

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The Biography of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Sep 19, 2021 | Books and Publications , Mawlid , Stories of the Prophets | Last updated on Aug 03, 2023

Ch 1.The Ancestry of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Ishmael’s second wife was Lady Ra^lah ( 1) , daughter of Mudad from the tribe of Jurhum. She delivered twelve (12) male children for him. From them came Nabit and Qaydar, and from these two in particular, God made a group of Arabs multiply. Continue Reading

Ch 2.The Birth of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ was born in Makkah in the year when the Abyssinian (Ethiopian) Abrahah tried to destroy the Ka^bah. lnstead, Allah destroyed Abrahah and his army. At that time in Makkah, the people named years by major events. Therefore, it is said that the Prophet ﷺ was born in the ”Year of the Elephant”. It was the year 571 of the Western calendar. Continue Reading

Ch 3.The Nursing of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Aminah nursed her son, Mu h ammad ﷺ, for a short time. Then another woman nursed him. Her name was H alimah. Lady H alimah was the main nursing mother of Prophet Mu h ammad, ﷺ. In those days in Makkah, women wanted their children nursed by Bedouins who lived outside of the city. They believed that their children would be healthier if they were raised in the desert. Continue Reading

Ch 4.Some Events in the Prophet’s Early Life

Our Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ , was about five years old when he went back to live with his mother and grandfather. Aminah was very happy. Continue Reading

Ch 5.The Blessed Household of the Messenger of God, peace be upon him

We know from our beloved Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that he was a shepherd at some time in his life. Our Prophet said that every prophet tended sheep. Being a shepherd helped to prepare the prophets for the great task of caring for and guiding people. By the time Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ was 25 years old, he was known in Makkah by the name of ”al-Amin” (The trustworthy), because of his good traits. Continue Reading

Ch 6.The Trusted Mediator Receives the Revelation

When our Prophet was thirty-five an incident occurred. Quraysh sought to rebuild the Ka^bah. This happened about five years before the Revelation came to the Prophet, ﷺ. As a young man, Mu h ammad ﷺ was known for his truthfulness and honesty. In addition to calling him Mu h ammad, many people called him as- Sa diq the truthful, or al-Am i n, the trustworthy. When he said something, people believed him… Continue Reading

Ch 7.The Early Converts

In this chapter, we present vignettes of several of our Prophet’s early followers. The early followers have the distinction of believing in the truth from our Prophet, before embracing Islam became popular in the Arabian Peninsula. Additionally, many of them suffered severe torture from the blasphemers, simply because they believed our Prophet loved God and worshipped their Creator correctly. Continue Reading

Ch 8.The Public Call and Immigration to Abyssinia

After three years of Prophethood, fearlessly calling to and teaching people Islam with skilled tactics, God ordered Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ, to make a public call. God revealed ayah (214) of ash-Shu^ara’ in which God ordered Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ to warn his relatives, calling them to Islam. Continue Reading

Ch 9.The Year of Sorrow and Trip to Ta'if

Meanwhile, the Muslims in Makkah suffered many tight conditions. They were isolated into a particularly rocky area outside of Makkah (a place where people would not normally live). Additionally, no one was allowed to buy from or sell to them. They were patient, seeking the reward from God. Continue Reading

Ch 10.The Miracles of Our Prophet ﷺ

While the Prophet ﷺ lived in both Makkah and Madinah, his followers and the blasphemers were witnessing magnificent miracles that God bestowed on him. Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ had never told a lie. In addition, God made Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ perform awesome miracles, the likes of which the people with him had never seen before. Continue Reading

Ch 11.Isra' (The Night Journey)

After all the hardships of the boycott, the deaths of family members, and the reaction at Ta’if, God blessed our Prophet ﷺ with a magnificent honor and experience. Two years before immigrating to Madinah, when Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ was fifty-one (51) years old, he left Makkah, from the house of Lady Umm Hani’, his paternal cousin, on a night journey (Isra’). Continue Reading

Ch 12.Mi^raj (The Ascension)

Our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was at al-Masjidul-A q sa. Then, he rose up to the heavens. He ascended the stairs called al-Mir qa h. Continue Reading

Ch 13.The People of Yathrib Believe

At the time of Hajj (done in an invalid way by the blasphemers at the time), the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to meet with the various tribes and call them to Islam. Continue Reading

Ch 14.The Hijrah (Migration) to Madinah

After our Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, left his house, he went to our Master Abu Bakr’s house and told him that he had been given permission to migrate. Abu Bakr asked the Prophet if he could accompany him and the Prophet ﷺ agreed. Abu Bakr then cried out of happiness. Continue Reading

Ch 15.The Top Jewish Scholar of Madinah Converts

What a great blessing from God was the arrival of the Prophet in Madinah! Before accepting Islam, the two Arab tribes of Madinah, al-Aws and al-Khazraj were fighting frequently. Then, God made the hearts of both tribes inclined to Islam and love for God and His Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him. Continue Reading

Ch 16.Good Confronts Evil at Badr

Prophet Mu h ammad ﷺ was calling the people to Islam just by talking to them, because he had not been ordered to go to battle yet. After his immigration the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, was permitted to fight the blasphemers. Continue Reading

Ch 17.Reflections on the Prophet ﷺ and Companions

God made the Companions of our Prophet of mercy the same in belief, but diverse in characteristics. This “unity despite diversity” is what is so appealing about our Muslim nation. Continue Reading

Ch 18.Dealing with Banu Qaynaqa^

After the great Battle of Badr God exposed the treachery of the Jewish tribes of Madinah who had made a treaty with the Muslims. They were jealous, felt threatened by the victorious Muslims. Hence, they began to break the terms of the treaty. Continue Reading

The Nursing of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

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Chapter 1: A Brief Biography Of Prophet Muhammad

We have sent thee not except as a mercy to all the Worlds. (The Holy Qur’an, The Prophets, 21:107 ).

We have sent thee not except as a giver of glad-tidings and a warner to all the peoples. (The Holy Qur’an, Sheba, 34:28 ).

************************

Muhammad was son of Abdullah, who was son of Abdul-Muttalib, who was son of Hashim - whose ancestry reached the Prophet Ismael son of the Prophet Abraham, peace be upon them.

The Prophet Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca, in Arabia, on a Friday, the 17th day of the lunar month of Rabi-I, in the year 570 CE into a noble family whose fathers and ancestors were amongst the chiefs of the Quraysh tribe, and the Bani-Hashim clan. His Prophetic mission began on the 27th day of the month of Rajab, in the year 610 CE, when he received the first divine revelation. Then the Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet progressively according to the circumstances of the time over a period of 23 years.

The Prophet Muhammad was killed by poisoning on the 28th day of the month of Safar in the 11th year of the Hijrah 1 , 630 CE.

• His Childhood

Muhammad's father Abdullah son of Abdul-Muttalib was the best and most pious among the sons of Abdul-Muttalib and his most beloved. Abdullah died while Muhammad was still in his mother's womb. All that he left behind were five camels and a servant girl named Barakah, also known as Umm Ayman, who was Muhammad's nanny.

Abdullah was a true believer and a monotheist. After his death, Muhammad's grandfather, Abdul- Muttalib, became his guardian. Abdul-Muttalib was one of the chieftains of the tribe of Quraysh, and a believer in Allah (in the way of Prophet Abraham), as was Abu Talib, a brother of Abdullah. Abdul-Muttalib always respected and honored treaties and adopted the finest of morals. He loved the poor and helped pilgrims. He would even feed the wild beasts and the birds of the mountaintops. He would feed people in times of famine and would restrain wrongdoers.

Muhammad's mother was Aminah, daughter of Wahab son of Abd Manaf, son of Kilab. She was also a believer in Allah. When Muhammad was born his mother said: “As soon as I put my child on the ground he leaned with his hands on the ground, raised his head to the skies and looked at the horizons all the while speaking in phrases of monotheism. Then a voice called out to me saying: 'The best of mankind has been born, so name him Muhammad.'“

Then Aminah sent for Abdul-Muttalib. He came to her and she said: 'A wondrous boy has been born to your family.' Then she brought baby Muhammad to him. Abdul-Muttalib looked at him and entered the Kabah 2 and prayed to Allah. He, then left the Kabah and returning the infant to his mother and named him Muhammad. Muhammad was not even seven years old when his mother died. After his mother’s death, his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib assumed his guardianship. Because of his knowledge of the status of the child and his faith in him, Abdul-Muttalib treated Muhammad with more care and attention than his other children. A group of the Medlaj Clan came to Mecca and when they saw Muhammad they said to his grandfather: ‘Take good care of him for we have never seen another of his station.’ Abdul-Muttalib told this to Abu Talib in his will and asked him to heed what they had said and take care of him. Muhammad was eight when his grandfather died, and he was taken into the care of his uncle Abu Talib. Abu Talib, chief of the Bani-Hashim clan within the Quraysh 3 then became the guardian of Muhammad from his eighth year. Abu Talib went on to protect and serve the Messenger of Allah, defending him and honoring him throughout the testing times of his Prophethood, until the last breath of his life.

• His Adulthood

Muhammad grew up to become a fine young man. He became known for his excellent manners, and because of the honesty in his conduct and dealings he was referred to as al- Sadiq (The Truthful One) and al-Amin (The Trustworthy One).

As a youngster Muhammad used to accompany his uncle on his business trips to Syria. When the Messenger of Allah reached the age of twelve he journeyed with his uncle Abu Talib as far as Basra. A Christian monk, named George, saw him there and recognized him by his description. He took his hand and said: “This is the chief of the Worlds, God has send him as a mercy to the Worlds.”Abu Talib asked: “How do you know this?”He said: “We find him mentioned in our books.”He asked Abu Talib to take him back fearing for his safety.

As an adult, Muhammad worked as a trader between the cities of Mecca and Damascus, and earned a great reputation in the process. Having heard of the reputation of Muhammad, Lady Khadijah, one of the noblest of the Quraysh, on one occasion commissioned him to take charge of some of her trading business between the two cities.

Lady Khadijah sent one of her servants, Maysarah, along with him to keep an eye on him and report back to her. Having seen his performance in the business, and the returns he brought, as well as his honesty, Lady Khadijah put Muhammad in charge of her business.

Although she had many proposals of marriage from various dignitaries of the Quraysh, Lady Khadijah declined them all. It is reported that it was Lady Khadijah who, albeit indirectly and discreetly, made the marriage proposal to Muhammad. Some historians have reported that when they married in 595 CE they were both 25 years old.

Lady Khadijah gave birth to three children. All of the Prophet's children were from Khadijah except Ibrahim who was from Mary the Copt, who was born in Medina and lived for a year and ten months. The male children who were all born in Mecca were: al-Qasim, which is where Muhammad's epithet (Abul-Qasim; meaning Qasim's father) comes from, and Abdullah. The boys all died young during the lifetime of the Prophet.

His only daughter was Fatimah, who married Imam Ali son of Abu Talib, and bore him Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn, Zaynab and Umm Kulthum, and another son who was named Mohsin by the Prophet before his birth. Fatimah was the only one of the siblings to survive the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet Muhammad used to say Hasan and Husayn are two Imams (leaders) whether they rise up (against tyranny) or not.

Ali was born to Abu Talib and his wife Fatimah bint Asad in 600 CE. Ali's birth was associated with a particularly significant phenomenon. When Fatimah bint Asad was in labor she came to the Kabah pleading to God for help with her labor. It is reported by various narrators and recorded by many chroniclers that as she was engaged in her prayers by the southern wall of the Kabah, the wall split open and she entered the House, whereby the wall returned to its normal state.

Having observed this extraordinary phenomenon, people who were present tried to follow her into the House through the opening but did not succeed. They then tried to go inside the House through its door but could not unlock the door. Reports indicate that she was inside the House for three days, and when she left the House with her newborn she did so in the same manner as she had entered the House.

The Prophet Muhammad took particular interest in baby Ali, and he played a major role in Ali's upbringing and education. Ali would be the most ardent supporter of the Prophet throughout the difficult years of his mission to convey the divine message and the teachings of Islam to the masses.

• Start Of His Mission

The Prophet Muhammad used to spend much time in prayer and worship of the one God. This he used to do in a cave, known as Hira, in the al-Noor mountain near the city of Mecca.

In 610 CE, at the age of forty, Muhammad received the first of the divine revelations when he was engaged in devotion and prayer inside the cave of Hira:

In the name of Allah the Merciful, the Compassionate; Read in the name of thy Lord who created, Created man from a clot, Read and thy lord is the most noble, Who taught by pen, Taught man what he knew not ... ( 96:1 -5).

The Prophet Muhammad conveyed the news and the Message to Ali and Lady Khadijah. Ali and Lady Khadijah both embraced the new revelation instantly and without any hesitation.

Khadijah was thus the first woman to believe in the Messenger of Allah and the first woman to pray with him. She supported him wholeheartedly and spent all her wealth in the way of Allah. She was the first woman that the Prophet married and he married no other during her lifetime. She was immensely loyal to the Prophet. The Angel Gabriel ordered him to convey a special greeting and a blessing from God and ordered that he gave the land of Fadak to Fatimah as an appreciation for what her mother had spent in the way of Allah.

The Prophet Muhammad began to invite individuals to the new revelation, albeit in secret. There were very few supporters and believers. When the Prophet performed a congregational prayer, he was joined by were Lady Khadijah and Ali. This low-key approach continued for three years.

Afterwards, on instructions from the Almighty, the Prophet's invitation to Islam started to became more and more public. The Almighty instructed His messenger to begin with his clan:

And warn your nearest kinsmen ( 26:214 ).

For this purpose the Prophet Muhammad prepared a banquet and invited the elders and chiefs of the Bani-Hashim, who were forty in number. After they were served with a good feast, the Prophet invited them to Islam. He called upon them to support him in his mission, and promised them that whoever did so would be appointed as his successor.

Yet, none took up the offer dismissing the Prophet and his mission as nonsense, with the sole exception of Ali. Ridiculing the whole thing, the Bani Hashim chiefs turned to Abu Talib saying, “Your son will be your commander, you should obey him!”Nevertheless the mission continued unabated albeit with very few supporters.

• Resonance Of His Call

The followers of the new religion started to grow, and so did the concern of the Quraysh towards them. The elders of Quraysh send Abu Talib, the trusted uncle of the Prophet to him, asking him to stop his call for this new religion, and in return they would give him whatever he wanted. “If you want wealth, we will give you as much as you want, if you want women we will marry you the most beautiful women of Arabia, and if you want position and status we will make you the owner-king over us.”

When Abu Talib conveyed the message of the elders of Quraysh to his nephew-prophet, the Messenger of Allah replied, “I swear by the Almighty that if they put the Sun in my right hand and the Moon in my left on condition so that I desist from this affair I would not leave it until Allah causes it to prevail or I die in the process.”Then the Messenger of Allah began to weep and rose and made to leave, but Abu Talib called him and said: “Come back my nephew. Say what you like my nephew, for by Allah I will never hand you over to them ever.”

The Quraysh realized that they were dealing with a true and determined prophet. From then on, open hostility towards this new religion, its prophet, and its followers started to increase. Lady Khadijah dedicated all her wealth and resources for the cause of her prophet-husband's mission. The extent of this hostility reached blatant persecution of the followers of the new religion and its prophet.

'Neutralise The Messenger And His Message'

Then the Quraysh plotted amongst themselves about the companions of the Messenger of Allah who had entered Islam with him from amongst their tribes. Each tribe pounced upon any of its own who were Muslims, tormented them and forced them out from their religion.

Abu Talib protected the Messenger of Allah, and seeing what the Quraysh were doing to the sons of Hashim and Abdul-Muttalib, he called upon them to protect the Messenger of Allah just as he was protecting him. So they gathered with him and stood up with him, except for Abu Talib's brother Abu Lahab and his sons who had assisted the Quraysh against the Prophet.

Then the Quraysh openly decided to kill the Messenger of Allah. When this news reached Abu Talib he gathered the sons of Hashim and Abdul-Muttalib and took the Messenger of Allah to his quarter and protected him from those who sought to kill him.

The Quraysh imposed total and complete embargo against the Prophet and his followers in all its forms; social, economic, political, etc. No citizen of Mecca was allowed to buy from or sell to them, no one was allowed to marry anyone of them, or even befriend or socialize with them, not even help them. Nor would a peace settlement be accepted from them ever, nor they would be shown any mercy until they had handed over the Messenger of Allah to be killed.

The Quraysh agreed to draw up a document to this effect, and one of them wrote this document in his own hand, which subsequently was afflicted by paralysis, and then they hung the document inside the Kabah.

The Prophet and many of his followers, and members of the Hashim clan withdrew to Abu Talib and entered the Abu Talib’s Quarter known as Sheb Abu Talib, which had become their virtual open-top prison. Their condition deteriorated as time went by, and although some friends of sympathizers managed to smuggle in some help to the Muslims, but this was few and far between. There they remained in the quarter for three years until they were exhausted. The voices of the children could be heard from the quarter crying of hunger.

The Quraysh also increased the pressure on those who had entered Islam but had not entered the quarter. The trials became grave and the Muslims were severely shaken. It is reported that Ali son of Abu Talib used to secretly leave the quarter in disguise and fetch foodstuff to the besieged, carrying it into the quarter on his back.

In one of the divine revelations made to him, the Messenger of Allah informed his uncle Abu Talib that Allah had sent woodworms to their document that had eaten every word except the name of Allah. Having heard this Abu Talib said: “No! By the falling stars, you have not lied to me.”

Abu Talib set out with a group of the clan of Abdul-Muttalib until he reached the vicinity of the Kabah, which was full of the people of Quraysh. He spoke and said to them:

“Something has occurred which may be a cause for a settlement between you and us so bring out your document. They said: 'The time has come for you to accept and recant. Only one man has caused the split between you and us, and you have put your people in jeopardy because of him.'

Abu Talib said: “I propose a matter for you in which there is fairness. My nephew has told me and he has not lied to me, that Allah distances Himself from this document and has erased all your treachery and enmity and all that remains written is His name. If it is as he has said then by Allah, we will never hand him over to you until the last of us dies. If what he has said is false then we will hand him over to you so that you may kill him or spare him as you wish.'

They said: “We agree.”Then they opened the document and found it as they had been told but some of them clung to their falsehood and obstinacy and said: “This is sorcery from your companion.”Then some of those who had made the pact spoke and tore up the document.

• End Of One Torment And Start Of Others

The clan of Hashim then felt safe enough to emerge from their quarter and once more mingle with the people. This was in the tenth year of the noble prophethood, circa 620 CE.

It was less than six months after the end of this trial when Abu Talib passed away. Then the Prophet's wife Lady Khadijah also died only three days after Abu Talib according to some accounts. The Messenger of Allah was very saddened and named this year the 'Year of Sorrow'.

The loss of Abu Talib and Lady Khadijah dealt a severe blow to the Prophet at a time when he needed these two most. The death of Abu Talib cleared the last hurdle for the Quraysh, and if the presence of Abu Talib imposed certain limits and drew some red lines for the Quraysh that they could not cross, now his death left them free to do to the Prophet what was the unthinkable while Abu Talib was alive.

With the death of Abu Talib, the trials meted out by his tribe to the Messenger of Allah grew more barbaric and audacious. Once when the Prophet was praying by the Kabah, one of the idolaters approached and violently tried to strangle him.

The Quraysh encouraged the foolish to throw dirt on the Prophet's face and head. They used to throw filth, blood and thorns at his door. Ummayah ibn Khalaf used to insult the Prophet until his face became red but still the Prophet would not say anything to him. When a fool threw the dirt in the face of the Messenger of Allah, he entered his house with the dirt still on his head. Fatimah began to clean the dirt from his head. She was crying and the Messenger of Allah saying: “Do not cry my daughter, for Allah will protect your father.”He also said: “The Quraysh could not harm me until Abu Talib died.”

It is related from Khabab who said: 'I approached the Prophet when he was reclining in the shade of the Kabah. This was after we had received some harm from the Polytheists. I said to him: “O Messenger of Allah, will you not invoke Allah?”He sat up red in face and said: “Among those who came before you, there were those whose skins would be scraped off with combs of iron down to the bone and this did not divert them from their religion. Allah will complete this matter until a rider may travel from Sana to Hadralmaut with nothing to fear but the wolf getting to his sheep.'

• Migration Of The Messenger Of Allah

The Quraysh and their allies made the decision that Muhammad had to be physically eliminated in order to finish with him and his religion once and for all. However, whoever did this would have to deal with the consequences and face the wrath of the respectable Bani-Hashim clan. In order to divide the guilt between as many clans and tribes as possible, forty clans were involved in the task.

The best warrior from each clan is chosen for the task. They were instructed to storm the house of Muhammad and every single one of them was to ensure to strike Muhammad with his sword at least once. This was so that if Bani-Hashim, Muhammad's clan, were to seek revenge for his blood, they would be confronted with forty clans, and thus making it impossible for them to seek any retribution.

The Almighty instructed the Prophet Muhammad to leave for the city of Yathrib, which later became known as Medinat al-Rasul or the City of the Messenger, or Medina for short. In 622 CE, after some thirteen years of calling the people to Islam, the Messenger of Allah left Mecca for Medina.

The Prophet Muhammad asked Ali son of Abu Talib to stay behind to deal with a number of issues, and Ali volunteered to sleep in the Prophet's bed acting as a decoy. The Messenger of Allah managed to slip through those who were surrounding his house just before they stormed it. When they stormed the house to kill him they found Ali instead in the Prophet's bed with no sign of their target.

On his way out of Mecca, Abu Bakr came across the Prophet as he was leaving the city, and asked the Prophet where he was going at that time. The Prophet Muhammad could not tell him other than the truth, and thereafter the Messenger of Allah asked him to join him on his migration to Medina, in order to keep the news of this mission secret until he was out of danger.

With first daylight, the forty brave warriors set off in pursuit of the Prophet by following his track. They used an expert guide to help them track him, and the guide led the warriors to the cave of Thawr, some five miles outside Mecca, where the Prophet Muhammad and his companion were actually inside, but the pursuers did not enter the cave.

It is reported that the pursuers did not enter the cave since by the time they had arrived, through divine intervention, a spider had spun its web across the opening of the cave, and a pigeon had placed its nest near there, after the two had entered the cave. The chasers did not attempt to enter the cave on the presumption that had anyone entered the cave, the spider web and the pigeon nest would have been disturbed.

Having failed to capture the Prophet, the Quraysh announced a reward of 100 camels for anyone capturing him or giving information leading to his capture.

The Prophet Muhammad left Mecca on the eve of the first day of the lunar month of Rabi-I, and arrived on the outskirts of Medina, some 400 km north of the city of Mecca, on Monday, the 12th day of the same month.

Another task that Ali ibn Abu Talib had to do when the Prophet left Mecca was to return any goods and valuables that people had given to the Prophet for safekeeping. Many of those who were the Prophet opponents also used to give their valuables to the Prophet for safekeeping every time they went on a long journey and such like. This was because the Prophet was recognized for his trustworthiness even towards his foes. They could not trust their best friends for safekeeping of their valuables, but they trusted Muhammad al-Amin (the trustworthy one). Ali returned all the goods and valuables that were given to the Prophet for safekeeping, including those of the Prophet's foes.

After Ali had returned all the goods the Prophet Muhammad had he given him, to their rightful owners, he went to the roof of the Kabah and yelled at the top of his voice, “if anyone has any claim against Muhammad, or had entrusted him with anything that he has not got back yet, then they should come forward.”It has been reported that nobody did.

Having discharged all his tasks in Mecca, Ali set off for Yathrib together with his mother Fatimah bint Asad, Fatimah the daughter of the Prophet, and Fatimah daughter of Zubair.

• Messenger Of Allah Arrives At Medina

When the news of the Messenger's exodus from Mecca to Medina reached the Muslims in Medina, they began to go every morning to the lava fields and wait there until the heat of noon drove them back. Many days they waited until one day when they returned to their houses, it so happened that a Jewish man was looking out from his fortress when he saw the Prophet shimmering in the haze. No sooner had he sighted him than he hailed the Muslims at the top of his voice saying:

“O Muslims, here is your Master whom you await!”

The Muslims immediately rushed to meet the Messenger of Allah on the crest of the lava fields. He then kept going until they had reached Quba where he stopped with the clan of Amr ibn Awf. The Muslims hailed 'Allahu Akbar' (God is Greatest) with joy at his arrival. The Prophet stopped at Quba for three days awaiting the arrival of Ali. He did not want to enter the Medina without Ali.

The Prophet remained with the clan of Amr ibn Awf for a day or two along with Ali. During his stay in Quba he established the mosque of Quba, and thus it became the first ever mosque established in Muslim era.

And on the Friday, the Prophet entered the Quba mosque and led the Muslims in the Friday prayers and gave a sermon. And this was the first Friday sermon ever given. The Prophet prayed in the direction of Jerusalem and one hundred men prayed behind him. After performing the prayers, the Prophet mounted his camel. He headed towards Medina along with Ali, who never left his side, and the rest of Muslims.

Once in Medina, Muslim families invited the Messenger of Allah to stay with them. In order not to turn down the request of any one of them, the Prophet decided that he would stay with the family by whose house his she-camel would stop. He said: “Let her be for she is being ordered.”The camel kept on walking until she reached the door of the house of Abu Ayyub, who happened to be amongst the poorest in Medina.

Then Abu Ayyub hurried to the Prophet's baggage and took it into his house. Abu Ayyub's mother, who was blind, said: “O if only I had sight so that I could see my master the Messenger of Allah!”The Prophet Muhammad then called to Allah for her and her eyes opened. This was the first of his miracles in Medina.

It is said that when the Messenger of Allah entered Medina, it was the most joyous occasion ever witnessed by the people. One eyewitness said: “I saw the day when he entered Medina and I have never seen a brighter or better day than that day. And I saw the day he died and I have never seen a worse or darker day than the day on which he died.”

• First Muslim Community

With a significant number of those who embraced Islam migrating from Mecca to Medina, as well as the majority of the natives of Medina, it could be said that the first Muslim community began to take shape in the city, under the guidance of the Prophet.

Through his teachings, the Messenger of Allah brought about harmony and peace between the different rivalries and warring groups and tribes of the city and its surroundings. Whereas prior to his arrival, greed, enmity and wars prevailed between the inhabitants, in a short space of time the Prophet managed to sow the seeds of a peaceful cohesive order to the extent that they shared everything they had amongst themselves and with the Muslim migrants from Mecca despite their poverty.

With the city of Medina being some 400 km north of Mecca, some of the Muslims considered it to be a reasonably safe distance from the Quraysh who were mostly in Mecca. However, the Quraysh and their allies did not relent, and they forced the Muslims of Medina into a number of battles and skirmishes. These were usually unequal, especially at the early days, with the Quraysh and their allies being superior in number and armor. For example at the battle of Badr, which was one of the early clashes between the two sides, the Muslims combatants were 313 men, who had seventy camels and two horses, while their opponents were about one thousand, had seven hundred camels and one hundred horses.

Peace between the two sides was eventually brought about through the peace treaty of Hudaybiyah - signed in the eleventh month of the sixth year after Hijrah - which was highly biased in favor of the Quraysh and their allies, to the extent that some of the companions of the Prophet protested to him for agreeing and signing a treaty that was 'unfair and unacceptable'. However, subsequent events after the Hudaybiyah were pointedly in the interest of the Muslims, which in turn exonerated the Prophet's judgement and decision, and proved his wisdom and farsightedness.

• Mecca Liberated

Less than two years after the treaty of Hudaybiyah, Quraysh grew impatient with the environment of peace and security that reigned in the land. Muslim losses in the battle of Mutah in north Arabia - in today's Jordan - encouraged the Quraysh to stir up unrest in the land and break the treaty that they had signed with the Messenger of Allah at Hudaybiyah. They began to distribute weapons to their allies and urged them to attack the allies of the Muslims at night, in breach of the peace treaty they had with the Muslims.

The Messenger of Allah left Medina on a Friday in the month of Ramadan in the eighth year of the Hijrah. He took with him all the Muslim troops which numbered ten thousand and nearly four hundred horsemen. Then the Messenger of Allah proceeded until he arrived at Marr al-Dhahran, the heights of Mecca, in the evening. He ordered his companions to light more than ten thousand fires. News of his progress had been kept hidden from the Quraysh who were concerned and feared that he might attack them.

It is reported that Abu Sufyan, the Prophet's archenemy, was saying: “I have never seen such fires as last night nor such a camp.”He said: “What is the news and what are all these fires?” The narrator responded to him: “The news is that the Messenger of Allah has arrived here. He has come with a force you cannot resist; with ten thousand of the Muslims.”

Abu Sufyan said: “What is to be done?”I said: “By Allah, if he defeats you he will surely strike off your head. So ride this donkey with me so that I can take you to the Messenger of Allah and I will ask him for an amnesty for you.”So he rode behind me.

It is related that Ali ibn Abu Talib said to Abu Sufyan ibn al- Harith: “Go to the Messenger of Allah and say to him what Joseph's brothers said to Joseph:

“By Allah, Allah has preferred you over us and we have certainly been sinful. ( 12:91 ).

Then the Messenger of Allah said in answer to him and seeking to behave best to him in speech: “He said:

Let there be no reproach upon you this day. Allah will forgive you and he is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.”( 12:92 ).

The banner of the Muslims was with Saad ibn Ibadah and when he passed by Abu Sufyan he said to him: “Today is the day of slaughter, today the women will be captured.”Abu Sufyan heard him and kept it to himself until the Messenger of Allah passed by him when he said: “Do you know what Saad ibn Ibadah has said?”The Messenger of Allah said: 'What he has said is of no consequence.' Then he sent someone to Saad and took the banner from him and passed it to Ali and said: “Enter with kindness.”

Ali took the banner and began to proclaim: “Today is the day of mercy, today honor will be protected.”Then the Messenger of Allah turned to Abu Sufyan and said to him: “O Abu Sufyan, proceed to Mecca and let them know of the sanctuary.”

When the Messenger of Allah entered Mecca, a tent was pitched for him by the grave of his uncle Abu Talib. He refused to enter his house or the houses of his companions in Mecca that had been confiscated by the Polytheists.

Then the Messenger of Allah, after having rested a little in his tent, bathed and mounted his camel and set out for the sacred mosque. The Muslims were before him and behind him and all around him and they were repeating along with the Messenger of Allah the words of Allah Almighty:

The truth has come and falsehood has perished, indeed falsehood is (by nature) perishing.”( 17:81 ).

Mecca resounded with the sound of their voices until he entered the sacred mosque and approached the black stone at the corner of the Kabah, and kissed it. Then he circled the House upon his camel and with a bow in his hand. Around the House there were some three hundred and sixty idols and he began to strike at them with his bow saying, while the idols fell upon their faces:

The truth has come and falsehood has perished, indeed falsehood is perishing… ( 17:81 ).

The truth has come and falsehood will not revive again and will not return. ( 34:4 ).

Then he raised Ali upon his shoulders so that he could bring down the rest of the idols, which were upon the Kabah. And thus a whole era of idol worshipping in Arabia was brought to an irreversible end, and Mecca was liberated. The conquest of the Capital City of the idolaters and the liberation of the holy city of Mecca at the hands of Prophet Muhammad took place without bloodshed.

The Prophet, however, never again took his birth city, Mecca, as his abode. The Prophet only stayed in the city for fifteen days to manage its affairs. He appointed Etab ibn Osayd, who was twenty-one years of age, as the city's governor when he left the city of Mecca for Medina.

• Ideal Islamic Order

From early days, the Prophet gradually established an Islamic system of governance and a way of life. In its first years, the nascent Muslim community in Medina had to contend with a number of attacks and onslaughts by the Quraysh and their allies. The Prophet used every opportunity to teach the Muslims the right code of conduct for a Muslim in times of war and peace; from personal and ethical qualities they must aspire for, to social, political and fiscal policies.

On the political front, the Prophet enjoined the community to avoid wars and violence as far as possible, and it should only be the absolute last resort, when all other avenues have been exhausted. The Prophet Muhammad went out of his way to avoid conflict and violence, and it is recorded that in the ten years that the Prophet was in Medina, despite the many battles that the Muslims were drawn into, a total of some 800 men were killed on both sides throughout the period.

The Prophet instructed his army against destroying houses or pillaging or cutting down trees bearing fruits. He ordered them not to draw out their swords except when in dire need. He used to rebuke some of his generals and physically amend for their mistakes.

Another social-political principle instilled by the Prophet Muhammad was that “Land belongs to Allah and whoever develops it” 4 . This had a very significant impact on the development of the country both socially and politically, not to mention the economic progress and revival it entailed.

Another socio-economic policy was established by the Prophet's declaration “I am responsible for them” 5 . He who died and left behind a family who would not have enough to make ends meet, then the Prophet would be responsible for them and they should go to him. On the other hand, “he who died and left a wealth behind, it was for his heirs” 6 . All the wealth was for the family the departed left behind, i.e. there was no inheritance tax in Islam.

This policy did not stop there, and it went further when the Prophet announced that if a person died and left behind a debt, then he (Muhammad, and subsequently the leader of the Islamic state in general) was responsible for repaying it 7 .

The Prophetic legislation also addressed the interest of the non-Muslims living under the Islamic state, referred to as dhimmy ; literally means “the responsibility of”(the Islamic state): “He who hurts a dhimmy , then indeed he has hurt me” 8 . Such laws, and the peaceful liberation of Mecca, encouraged many to come and live under the Islamic State, for there were guarantees of at least economic and security for them and their families, in the present and in future. People started to embrace Islam as a way of life en masse. Thus came the divine revelation:

By the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful

When came Allah's succor and the conquest, ( 110:1 ).

And thou saw the peoples entering into the religion of Allah in troops ( 110:2 ).

So glorify the praise of thy Lord and seek His forgiveness, indeed He is relenting. ( 110:3 ).

• The Two Momentous Things

In the holy city of Medina, Messenger of Allah ensured that he addressed the two most vital issues during his lifetime, so that these should be the sanctuary, guide and leader for the Muslims after his departure from this life. These were the compilation of the Holy Qur’an as a bound copy, and the appointment of his successors to lead the nation after him. Both of these, he did on direct instructions from the Almighty.

• The Holy Qur’an

The Prophet ensured arrangements be made to compile a 'bound' copy of the Holy Qur’an - known at the time of the holy Prophet, and also today, as the mus-haf . The Messenger of Allah commissioned Ali son of Abu-Talib to gather and compile the entire Qur’an, which Imam Ali did during the lifetime of the holy Prophet and under his supervision 9 .

The Messenger of Allah validated and authenticated the end result - the mus-haf - even verifying the order and position of the individual verses within a given chapter or surah, as instructed by the Almighty. According to traditions, when archangel Gabriel used to reveal a particular ayah or verse to the Prophet, the former would also indicate its position within the surah or chapter of the Qur’an and the surah that it belonged to. 10

Reports state that during the lifetime of the Prophet, when the entire text of the Holy Qur’an was committed to writing and it had been compiled as mus-haf , people used to come to the mosque of the Prophet, where the compiled Qur’an - mus-haf - was kept by the pulpit, to make their copies of the Holy Scripture. 11

It is sometimes stated, through a minor misunderstanding, that the Holy Qur’an was first compiled during the reign of the third ruler Uthman ibn Affaan, some twenty years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. The root of this misunderstanding stems from the incorrect assumption of the meaning of the Arabic word jame that means 'to collect'. Instead it was taken to mean 'to compile'.

What was in fact commissioned at that time was to collect the incomplete documents holding some verses or chapters of the Holy Qur’an and to complete them as copies of the entire Qur’an. Any compilation that took place during this time was to reproduce the authentic copy of the Holy Qur’an as per the version compiled by Imam Ali during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad and under his supervision.

• The Ahl Al-Bayt

The other fundamental and vital task that the Prophet had to secure during his lifetime was to address the question of his succession. On instructions from the Almighty, the Messenger of Allah named and appointed the successors who would lead the Muslim community after him according to the teachings of the Holy Qur’an and the Messenger of Allah.

The Prophet Muhammad used numerous occasions to instruct the people to follow and adhere to his twelve appointed successors, 'Caliphs' or 'Imams', the first of whom was Imam Ali son of Abu Talib, and the twelfth is the living Imam Mahdi, who is hidden from public view 12 until such a time when the Almighty will instruct him to reappear in public “in order to lead the nations of this world from tyranny and oppression to tranquillity and bliss”. The Prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatimah, his cousin and son-in-law Imam Ali and the eleven impeccable Imams descendants of Ali and Fatimah form Ahl al-Bayt as referred to in the Holy Qur’an 33:33 .

In 630 CE, seventy days before his death, and just after performing the farewell Hajj pilgrimage, on instructions from the Almighty, at the location of Ghadir Khum, the Prophet appointed Ali as his successor and ordered the Muslims who were present there to pay Ali homage of allegiance as The Commander of the Faithful, and their leader after the Prophet. The revelation from the Almighty on this day in this particular respect was:

O Messenger! Convey that that has been revealed to thee from thy Lord, and if thee do not, then thee would have not conveyed His Message; and Allah will protect thee from the people. Surely Allah guides not the disbelieving people. ( 5:67 ).

After the revelation of the above instruction, the Messenger of Allah declared: “For whoever I am his master and leader, then Ali is his master and leader too. O Lord support whoever supports Ali, and oppose whoever opposes him. 13 Ali is my Caliph and successor upon ye after me.” 14

Some chroniclers put the number of those present at Ghadir Khum, who gave their homage and allegiance to Imam Ali as the Commander of the Faithful and the successor of the Prophet Muhammad, at up to 120,000 men and women.

To confirm and conclude this momentous event, the Almighty then revealed:

Today I have perfected your religion for ye, completed My favor upon ye and have sanctioned Islam for ye as a religion. ( 5:3 ).

In order to reveal the station of his successors present and future, the Prophet frequently used to refer the Muslims to the Ahl al-Bayt - at the time notably Ali - for they were the most knowledgeable about the teachings of the Qur’an and the Prophet himself. To clarify any possible doubt about his immediate successor, in the famous tradition of “City of Knowledge”, the final Messenger of Allah states:

“I am the City of Knowledge and Ali is its Gate, so whosoever wishes to access this City, then let him do so through its Gate.” 15

According to many Prophetic teachings and traditions the Holy Qur’an and the Ahl al-Bayt are considered as the two inseparable and complementary components of the divine message. Towards the end of his life, the Messenger of Allah often used to say: “I leave with ye the two momentous things - the book of Allah and my kin the people of my Ahl al-Bayt. As long as ye adhere to them both ye will never go astray after me.” 16

However, after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, the people did not honor their pledge of allegiance that they had been given at the time to the Prophet when he appointed his successor on instructions from the Almighty.

After several failed attempts on his life by various means, the culprits eventually succeeded in assassinating the Prophet Muhammad - this time through poisoning. The final Messenger of Allah to humanity died on the 28th day of the lunar month of Safar in the 11th year of the Hijrah, 630 CE.

The Prophet Muhammad brought about a nation and a civilization that in a relatively very short space of time won the prime position amongst all other nations. The Muslims attained such achievement so long as they adhered to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Today even though the Muslims are numerous, they do not occupy the eminent station amongst the nations anymore, because they did not adhere to “the two momentous things”that the Prophet Muhammad left behind for them. The Muslim nation may still be a candidate to lead mankind to bliss and prosperity if they ensure to adhere to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and his successors.

• 1. The occasion of the Hijrah (literally migration, and by extension the migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina).
• 2. The Kabah is a cubical structure symbolizing the House of God that was built by the Prophet Adam on instructions from the Almighty God in an uninhabited valley, which in turn brought about the creation of the holy city of Mecca around it.
• 3. The Quraysh is a collection of clans and tribes all of whom are blood related.
• 4. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 5, p279.
• 5. Wasael al-Shia, by Muhammad Hasan al-Hurr al-Ameli, vol. 26, p. 251.
• 6. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 7, p. 167.
• 7. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 1, p. 407.
• 8. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 22, p. 486.
• 9. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 89, p. 48, Beirut ed. See also “The Qur’an: When was it compiled?” by the same Author.
• 12. Imam Mahdi lives amongst the public but without being recognized by them. However, as and when required, he would make himself recognizable to those who are sincerely pious and devout.
• 13. Mustadrak al-Sahihayn, vol. 3, pp 118, 126, 613. Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyah, Beirut; Musnad Ahmad, vol. 1, pp 84, 88, 118, 152, vol. 4, pp 378, 370, pub. Cordoba Foundation, Cairo; Musnad Abi-Yacla, vol. 1, p249, pub. Dar al-Mamoon lil-Turath, Damascus; Fada'el al-Sahabah, by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, vol. 2, pp 572, 585, 586, 613, 682, 705 pub. al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut; Fada'el al-Sahabah, by al-Nasa'ie, vol.1, p15, Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut; Tafsir of Ibn Kuthayr, vol. 2, p15, pub. Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, al-Sunan al-Kubra, by al-Nasaie, vol. 5, pp 45, 130-136, 154, Dar al- Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut, al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 1, p 286. etc.
• 14. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 5, p. 69. Tohaf al-Uquol, p. 458.
• 15. al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn, by al-Hakim al-Naysabouri, vol. 3, p. 137-138, pub. Dar al-Kutub al-Elmiyyah, Beirut; Majmac al-Zawaid, by Nur-ed-Din Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami, vol. 9, p. 114, pub. Dar al-Bayan lil-Turath, Cairo; Tarikh Baghdad, by Abu Bakr Ahmad al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, vol. 2, p. 377, pub. Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut, and also vol. 4, p. 348, and vol.7, p. 172, and vol. 11, p. 49-50.
• 16. Sahih al-Tirmidhi, vol. 5, p. 328, hadith 3874 & 3876, pub. Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, and vol. 13, p. 99-200, pub. Maktabat al-Sawi, Egypt, and vol. 2, p. 308, pub. Boulaq, Egypt; Musnad Ahmad, vol. 3, pp 17, 26, 59, and vol. 4, p. 366, 371, and vol. 5, p181, pub. al-Maymaniyyah, Egypt; Sahih Muslim, Book of Merits, Merits of Ali ibn Abi Talib, vol. 2, p. 362, pub. Isa al-Halabi, and vol. 7, p. 122, pub. Sabih, and vol. 15, p. 170 with al- Nuwawi commentary, Egypt; Dorar al-Semtayn, by al-Zarandi al-Hanafi, p. 231, pub. Qadha al-Najaf; Yanabic al-Mawaddah, by al-Qunduzi al-Hanafi, p. 29-31, 36, 28, 41, 183, 191, 296, 370, pub. Istanbul; Tafsir of Ibn Kuthayr, vol. 4, p. 113, pub. Dar Ihiya al-Kutub al-Arabiyah, Egypt; Jami al-Usul, by Ibn Athir, vol. 1, p. 187, hadith 65-66, pub. Egypt; Mu’jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani, p 137.
• Introduction
• Transliteration
• About The Author
• 'Neutralise The Messenger And His Message'
• Inspirational Conducts
• His Dealings With The People
• His Humility
• The Symbol Of Love And Blessings
• His Clement And Forgiving Nature
• His Steadfastness
• His Abstinence
• His Merciful Nature
• His Kindness To Animals
• His Bravery
• His Justice
• Praising Almighty God
• Encouragement Of Almsgiving
• Qualities Reflected In His Conducts
• An Overview
• In The Eyes Of His Opponents
• Conducts And Strategies Of Battle
• With The Prisoners Of Battle Of Badr
• Ransom Of His Son-In-Law
• Prohibition Of Torture And Mutilation
• Returns Evil With Good
• Gives His Foes The Choice Of Peace
• His Magnanimity
• His Care For His Companions
• He Goes Hungry
• Foe Turned Into Friend
• Tolerated The Enemy Of The State
• His Adherence To The Peace Treaty Of Hodaybiyah
• Among The Blessings Of The Treaty Of Hodaybiyah
• Kindness To Captives
• The Protectorate
• The Jews Enter Islam
• Forgiveness Not Revenge
• A Jew's Word Was Enough
• The Bearer Of The White Banner
• The Prophet Forgives The Traitor
• Before Entering Mecca
• Conduct Of Islam Upon Victory
• With The Custodian Of The Kabah
• Forgive Your Archenemies
• With His Would Be Assassin
• Abandoning The Prophet's Teachings
• Treachery And Making Amends
• His Government
• His Manners And Ethics
• His Compassion
• His Tolerance
• His Forgiveness
• His Generosity
• Earn Your Living
• His Helping And Hospitality
• He Endeavoured To Please Others
• He Turned Foes Into Friends
• Foes Testified To His Distinction
• Kindness Beautifies
• His Loyalty
• His Humbleness
• He Served At Home
• The Trustworthy One
• The Pragmatic Statesman
• He Never Changed
• The Prophet Should Be Emulated
• Selected Sayings Of Prophet Muhammad
• On Supplication
• On Familial Bonds
• On Good Morals And Conducts
• On Clemency
• On Forgiveness, Kindness And Mercy
• On Toiling And Earning That Which Is Lawful
• On Humility
• On The Reprehensibility Of Arrogance
• On Consultation
• On Generosity
• On Discouraging Miserliness
• On Fulfilling Promises
• On Patience And Bearing Hardships
• On Almsgiving
• On Truthfulness
• On Abstinence
• Words Of Light
• Chapter 6: Prophet Muhammad As Seen By Western Thinkers
• ‹ About The Author
• Chapter 2: Sublime Qualities O... ›

Prophet Muhammad and His Characteristics Essay

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Introduction

Prophet Muhammad was an Islamic leader who is considered and believed to be a messenger from God (Adair 36). Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last prophet that God sent to redeem humankind from their evil ways. Other religions consider Muhammad the founder of Islam while Muslims consider him as the true prophet who restored the ancient faith of predecessors such as Abraham, Noah and Moses (Adair 37).

His characteristics (values and manners) form the foundation of Islam. These characteristics that include his dressing style, mode of living, manners and disposition, his absolute trust in Allah and his daily routines have immense influence in the Islamic religion. In addition, his other characteristics such as kindness, justice, equality and love for the poor explain why Muslims consider him as a true prophet who was sent by God to save a corrupted human race.

Muhammad had great love for the poor and urged all Muslims to treat them with kindness and help them in all ways (Effendi 44). He taught that a person who feeds himself and lets his neighbor go hungry is not a good example of how a Muslim should be. In addition, he taught that in order to love Allah, one must begin by loving fellow human beings.

His core teachings that include unbelief in monopoly, the lawful acquisition of wealth and generosity reveal his loving nature. His teachings encouraged all people to work hard in order to improve their lives (Effendi 46). In his profound love for the poor, he encouraged the rich to help those who had little. He loved the poor so much that he always prayed to Allah to keep him in poverty in both life and death. In addition, he asked Allah to raise him among the poor on the resurrection day.

Just and kind

Throughout his life, Muhammad had to deal with people who were seeking justice. This was in connection to his roles as the people’s leader, judge, apostle and arbiter. In executing these roles, he never deviated from the path of justice. He always ensured that everyone received justice.

His belief in justice was so strong that he did not consider factors such as religious affiliation, friend or enemy in awarding justice (Khan 83). He preached against all crimes, was always impartial in handling matters of justice, and he never favored his supporters. Muhammad always overlooked other people’s faults. He was polite, sincere, compassionate and courteous.

Faithful and dependent on God

Muhammad had strong faith that enabled him remain faithful to his calling and that encouraged him to depend on God entirely. Even though he faced tough times in his life, he always taught that God would deliver him and all who followed his teachings (Rodinson 50).

The nonbelievers were against Muhammad’s teachings. However, he did not give up or lose hope. He reminded them that the will of God would prevail and would come to be fulfilled. His strong faith and dependence in god enabled him to overcome all the trials he encountered.

Muhammad never bore false witness against anyone. He stood by the truth and encouraged liars to repent (Sina 28). His truthful nature was so apparent that even his enemies attested to it. Abu Jahl was an influential critic and opposer of Islam. However, he attested to Muhammad’s truthfulness (Sina 29). He claimed that Muhammad was not a liar, but his teachings were misleading the people.

Honest, reliable and trustworthy

Muhammad was honest, reliable and trustworthy. Muhammad demonstrated his honesty by keeping the valuables of the Makkah pagans safely. His honesty was evident from his reaction after being mistreated by the pagans of Makkah together with his companions. After being tortured and sent away by the pagans, Muhammad did not carry their valuables that were in his custody (Sina 34).

Instead, he told his cousin to postpone his journey in order for them to return the valuables to the pagans. Another example of these values is evident from the signing of the Truce of Hudaibiyah. He agreed to the unjust conditions that allowed the return of people who ran away from Makkah but did not allow the return of people who ran away from the prophet (Sina 35).

The prophet was humble, and it was difficult for anyone who did not know him to distinguish him from his companions (Syed 79). His actions did not distinguish him from his companions. In addition, his love for the poor revealed his humility. He always helped orphans, widows and the poor whenever they needed his help. He did not consider the social, religious or economic class of people.

Forgiving and patient

The prophet was a paragon of patience and forgiveness. He always gave people a chance to practice their beliefs before converting them to Islam. He was patient with them even though they neglected his teachings and turned to the worship of idols. He forgave the people of Makkah despite the fact that they had ill-treated him and his companions (Syed 82). In addition, he was tolerant with the people of Makkah even though they were sinners.

For example, when they abused hypocrites at Madeenah, Muhammad did not hold a grudge against them. Instead, he forgave them. All these instances were a test of his forgiving nature. In all cases, he forgave them and did not seek revenge for the evils they inflicted on him and his companions (Syed 85). His patience was severely tested when he lost his wife and children during his lifetime. Despite the loses, Muhammad was patient with God and evoked his assistance and strength.

Muhammad was devoted to prayer, and spent a considerable amount of time on personal and public worship of Allah daily. After saying his morning prayers, he spent additional time in the mosque reciting passages that praised Allah while waiting for people to gather for sermons (Sina 43). Afterwards, he would preach to them about the goodness of Allah. In the afternoon, he would go back to the mosque for afternoon prayers, and a session with the people during which he offered them spiritual guidance.

Evening and night prayers followed afterwards. Before going to bed, he always recited some verses of the Quran (Sina 46). He ensured that he spent some considerable amount of time after midnight reciting the Tahajjud prayers. Prayers were the central point and source of strength and solace for Muhammad. He encouraged his companions to pray to Allah for strength and solace every day in order for them to overcome evil.

Prophet Muhammad was an Islamic leader, who is considered and believed to be a messenger form God. Muslims consider Muhammad as the true prophet who restored the ancient faith of predecessors such as Abraham, Noah and Moses. Other religions consider him as the founder of Islam.

His characteristics form the foundation of Islam. These characteristics include justice and kindness, faithfulness, prayerfulness, love, dependence on God and forgiveness. These characteristics made Muhammad a role model for Muslims. He always tried to instill these values in his companions through his teachings and by being an example because he possessed them.

Works Cited

Adair, John. The Leadership of Muhammad . New York: Kogan Page Publishers, 2010. Print.

Effendi, Birgivi, Birgivi, Imam and Bayrak, Tosun. The path of Muhammad . New York: World Wisdom, 2005. Print.

Khan, Maulana. Muhammad: A Prophet of All Humanity . New York: Goodword, 2000. Print.

Rodinson, Maxime. Muhammad: Prophet of Islam . New York: Tauris Parke paperbacks, 2002. Print.

Sina, Ali. Understanding Muhammad . New York: felibri.com, 2008. Print.

Syed, Amir. The Spirit of Islam or the Life and Teachings of Mohammed . Georgia: Gorgias Press, 2002. Print.

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Bibliography

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The Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w)

The world before islam.

Before Islam, the world was a not a good place. People used to pray to the sun, the stars, and statues made out of stones called idols. Many people did not know about Allah (swt).There was a lot of fighting and many people were used as slaves and treated in a bad way. The poor and weak, as well as girls were also treated very badly.

​Some of the people of Makkah were very rich, they made their money by making idols made from stones and even dates and stealing from others. These people did not want to listen to the Prophet (s.a.w) when he came because they wanted to stay powerful.

The Birth of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w)

Prophet Muhammad (a.s) was born in a special year called ‘the year of the elephant’. In that year, Abraha, the governor of the Abyssinian king marched towards Makkah with a huge army of elephants to destroy the Kaaba, the house where Allah (s.w) is worshipped. It is also known as the ‘house of Allah’

​But just as they were close to the Kaaba, Allah (s.w.t) sent many flying creatures who carried pebbles and threw them onto the army of men and elephants and destroyed them all and the Kaaba became safe again. This was a big miracle, and it was never forgotten that Allah (s.w.t) is the protector of all things.

​Abdullah, Prophet Muhammad’s father, died three months before he was born. So the Prophet never met his father.

Prophet Muhammad’s (s.a.w.w) childhood

The Prophet’s mother was Aminah, a pious and gentle woman. However, when he was a baby, she did not have enough milk for him. In those days, when mothers could not suckle their children because they did not have milk, their babies were given to healthy strong women to look after them and give them milk.

Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) was therefore given the milk of a wet nurse named Halima who was a good, strong woman. With the gentle and pure love of Halima and his mother Aminah, Prophet Muhammad started to grow into a well-mannered and polite boy.

When he turned six, the Prophet’s mother Amina became sick and died and he became an orphan without a mother or father. However, Allah (swt) always has a plan and instead his loving grandfather started caring for him.

When he turned eight, the Prophet’s grandfather also died, and his uncle Abu Talib started to look after him just like he took care of his other children. Abu Talib had a son called Ali who became very close to Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and later became the first Imam of the Muslims.

The Prophethood of Muhammad (s.a.w.w)

​Muhammad (s.a.w.w) grew up to be a handsome, honest and hardworking young man who used to help his uncle in trade by selling goods in far away cities. The Prophet (s.a.w.w) married a woman named Khadija who was very wealthy but also very kind.

The Prophet used to like to spend time in a cave called the Cave of Hira on top of a tall mountain, called Jabal Al-Nour. He went there for many years, and there he used to pray to Allah (s.w.t) and think about all the amazing things that He created.

One day, when the Prophet (s.a.w.w) was forty years old, the angel Gabriel appeared while he was worshipping. angel Gabriel told him that his mission as the last Prophet of Allah (swt) had just begun, to teach people about Islam along with the following verse from the Qu’ran, the book of Allah (swt):

“Recite in the name of your Lord Who created. Created man from a clot. Recite and your Lord is most Generous. Who taught (to write) with the pen. Taught man what he knew not.” Holy Qur’an (96:1-5)

Muhammad’s (s.a.w.w) heart was filled with joy, and he thanked Almighty Allah (s.w) for this great honour. He hurried to his house to tell his wife Khadija (a.s) that his mission of Prophethood had started. The first woman who accepted him as a prophet was Khadija (a.s) and the first young man was his cousin Ali (a.s) .

During his life, Prophet Muhammad taught the people all about the manners of Islam, how to be kind and live peacefully with others through his actions and the Holy Quran. Today there are many Muslims all over the world who live a happy life because of Islam.

Prophet Muhammad’s Battles- and his Greatest Victory

Not everyone was happy that Muhammad (s.a.w.w) had been chosen as the Prophet, and many people wanted to stop him from teaching others about Islam. Mecca was like the capital city in the Arabian Peninsula in that time (like Washington is for the USA) and it was under the control of the pagans who forced Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) to migrate to Medina.

Unfortunately, the pagans did not let the Muslims live peacefully in Medina or to spread the word of Allah (swt). As a result, Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) was involved in many battles to protect the rights of the Muslims. Islam achieved many victories in battles that are now famous, such as the battles of Badr, Khandaq and Khaybar but the conquest of Mecca was the most important one according to the Quran.

The conquest of Mecca was Islam’s biggest victory as it involved a diplomatic, peaceful conquest. It was foretold in Surat al Nasr.

The conquest of Mecca happened on the 10th of Ramadan. The prophet ordered the army to move from Medina to Mecca because the Quraish leader ‘Abu Sufian’ broke a peace agreement between the Muslims and the Non-Muslims. The Prophet (s.a.w.w) prepared the army and they moved towards Mecca.

As they reached closer to Mecca the Prophet (s.a.w.w) ordered the army to scatter fire at night-time and kindle lights to scare the enemy. The desert became full of flames and light and noise of the army moving, and its camel’s horses scared Abu Sufian and the other leaders of Quraish.

They were so terrified that they surrendered immediately and ordered all the rest of the Meccan’s to surrender as well. The Prophet therefore entered and controlled Mecca peacefully, without shedding any blood or engaging in fighting. 

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Important Mission: Eid al Ghadeer

​During Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w) last Hajj angel Gabriel revealed the following verse:

​“يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللَّـهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ

O, Messenger! Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord, and if you do not you will not have proclaimed His message and Allah shall protect you from people, indeed Allah do not guide the faithless lot.”— Qur’an 5:67

Through this verse Allah (swt) ordered Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w.w) to tell all the Muslims that Imam Ali (a.s) is to be the leader of the Muslims after he dies.

This was an important mission and the Prophet took it very seriously.

The Prophet (s.a.w.w) gathered all the people who were returning from hajj and stood up on a high place. He took Ali’s (a.s) hand and said “Whomever I am his mawla then Ali is his mawla”. In the Arabic language mawla means Guardian and leader.

He also said “O God! Befriend and be the wali of anyone who loves Ali and considers him as his wali; be the enemy of anyone who is his enemy; and assist anyone who assists him and abandon anyone who abandons him.”

This day became known as ‘Eid al Ghadeer’. It is a happy occasion for all Muslims because on that day the Prophet announced to thousands of people returning home from Hajj that Ali is his successor.

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Death

The Prophet (s.a.w.w) was resting in the lap of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, as he was breathing his last breaths. In this time, he was passing the treasures of wisdom onto Ali, and teaching him many hidden truths. While Ali was busy performing the burial rites of the Prophet, other people in the Islamic nation were having meetings, planning on how to take the leadership of the Muslims away from Ali (a.s).

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Family

“Ahlul Bayt” is the name of the most beloved members of Prophet Mohammad’s family. The ahlul bayt include the Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w.w) , his daughter Fatimah (a.s) , her husband Imam Ali (a.s) and their children Hassan (a.s) and Husein (a.s) and the nine Imams (a.s) who are their descendants.

The Ahlul Bayt (a.s) were all infallible people. This means that they never committed a sin even though they could. This is because they could see the true ugliness of sins and the real beauty of obeying Allah.

The Islamforkids.org website introduces Islam to kids. Here, there is always an opportunity for learning more about our noble Imams (a.s), our knowledgeable Prophets (a.s) and the the tragedy of Karbala.

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Home — Essay Samples — Religion — Muhammad — The Prophet Muhammad: history of the life

The Prophet Muhammad: History of The Life

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Published: Nov 19, 2018

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- - - - - - - - - and - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - (CHARTS) of the Life of Muhammad (pbuh) in Urdu language. 2. Seerat Nabvi by in Urdu language. 3. in Urdu language.  4. Al-Raheeq language  5. Life (pbuh) in English language. 6. (pbuh) in English language. to see it in PDF format. For a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation, . For designing a similar presentation charts about Seerat-e-Madani (Madina Times) or Life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in Madina after Hijrat (migration), we are looking for a volunteer graphic designer to help. Please contact: Amir Ali Tayyab at And if he has been recalled back to Allah (swt), please contact other team members. 1 - Makki Daur Mecca 2 - Wiladat Birth 3 - Bachpan Childhood 4 - Larakpan Teenage 5 - Jawani Youth 6 - Nabuwat Prophecy 7 - Dawat Proclamation 8 - Khufia Dawat Secret Invitation 9 - Elania Dawat Open Invitation 10 - Hijrat Habsha Migration 11 - Bairuni Dawat Foreign Invitation 12 - Khadija (ra) Year of Grief 13 - Meraj Travel To Heavens 14 - Madina City 15 - Hijrat Migration 16 - Madina Arrival 17 - Madina Demographics 18 - Masjid Nabwi Mosque 19 - Khatraat Jihad Dangers 20 - Hijri Year 1 Prayer 21 - Hijri Year 2 Wars 22 - Badar War 23 - Badar War Details 24 - Badar Effects of War 25 - Fatima (ra) Eid Hajj 26 - Hijri Year 3 Marriages 27 - Uhad War 28 - Uhad Strategy of War 29 - Uhad Return from War 30 - Uhad War Lessons 31 - Shariat Laws 32 - Hijri Year 4 33 - Bani Nuzair War 34 - Hijri Year 5 35 - Khandaq Ahzab War 36 - Banu Qurayza War 37 - Hijri Year 6 Sulah Hudebia 38 - Foreign Ambassadors 39 - Hijri Year 7 Jewish Wars 40 - Hijri Year 8 To Mecca 41 - Mecca War 42 - Mecca Conquered 43 - Hunain Taif Wars 44 - Hijri Year 9 Tabuk 45 - Hajj Abu Bakr 46 - Hujjatul Wida Last Sermon 47 - Hijri Year 13 Last Journey 1. A graphical and illustrative presentation (CHARTS) of the Life of Muhammad (pbuh) in Urdu language. 2. Seerat Nabvi by Tibri, Kathir and Khaldoon in Urdu language. 3. Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom in Urdu language.  PDF Format 4. Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom in English language  The Sealed Nectar in PDF Format 5. Brief Story of Muhammad's Life (pbuh) in English language. 6. Timeline of Muhammad's Life (pbuh) in English language. Seerat Nabvi by Tibri, Kathir and Khaldoon in Urdu language Here are 3 brief versions of the Sirat Nabawi (saw) or Life of Mohammad (pbuh) in Urdu as narrated by historians and referenced by all scholars and writers for accurate historical background.; 1. Tareekh Alumam Walmaluk by Jarir Ibn ul Tibri (Born 855AD, 224h, Died 941AD, 310h) 2. Tareekh Albidayah Walnihaya by Imaduddin Ibn Kathir (Born 1363AD, 701h. Died 1405AD, 774h) 3. Kitabul Tawarikh by Abdul Rehman Ibn Khaldoon (Born1363AD, 732h. Died 1439AD, 808h). Click the following links to start reading; Cover , Contents & Introduction 1 , Introduction 2 (missing page) Parveen Malik, Yasir Jawad, Sarang Publications, Alaku Mansion, Patiala Ground, 14 Link McLeod Road, Lahore, Pakistan. Izhar Sons, 19 Urdu Bazar, Lahore. Ph: 92-42-7230150. 9-Rattigan Road, Lahore. Ph: 92-42-7220761, [email protected] website www.izharsons.com Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom (Urdu) To download the PDF version of Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom Book, Click Here . To continue browsing the book via images, click any of the links below; Cover , Table of Contents: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 Courtesy: Al-Maktaba Al-Salfiah, Sheesh Mahal Road, Lahore 54000. Pakistan. Ph: 042-7237184 Fax: 042-7227981 Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom (English) English Language: There are three versions of the "Life of Muhammad (pbuh)" 1. Brief Version (At the bottom of this page) 2. " This is Mohammad (pbuh) " Life of Rasulullah (saw) in Adobe PDF format. 3. Detailed Version ( Click Here for the book Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom, The Sealed Nectar). Or if you prefer to view the book via images, click any of the corresponding page from below; Brief Story of Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s Life Birth and Prophethood: Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was born of a noble family of Banu Hashim ancestry. However, he was not fortunate enough to have been born wealthy as he was born an orphan. His father, Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib, died of sickness at the age of 25 on a trading journey to Syria, leaving his wife Amenah only a few months pregnant. Muhammad’s Birth: His birth was on the twelfth (12) of Rabiul Awwal 53 B.H. (570 A.D of the Christian era) was ordinary and has no significance in Islam and the celebrations on this occasion have nothing to do with shari'ah and some people consider it Bid’ah. Abdul Mutalib, his grandfather who was the chief of Makkah at that time, showed pride in him as Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) compensated him for the loss of his son who died in the prime of his youth. His mother showed affection for her son as she awaited the best nurses to come and take care of him: The tradition at that time was that nurses would come from the desert seeking to be the custodians of the children of nobility in return for good pay and gifts. Giving that Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was not wealthy all nurses turned away from him, Halimah of the Banu Saad tribe was one of them, but when she could not find any other child she was ashamed to return home empty handed, so she went back and took Muhammad (s.a.w.s.), and since then Allah showered his mercy on her; for instance animals started giving plenty of milk after they had been dried. Therefore, her and her husband felt they were blessed to have taken Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and became very attached to him. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) spent five years with Banu Saad during which nothing out of the ordinary happened except one told incident which scared Halimah and became known as “the splitting of his chest.” When he was playing with the other boys Jibril held him, threw him down, split his chest, took out his heart and took out a clump from it and said: “this is Satan's portion of you.” Then he washed him in a basin made of gold with the water of zamzam, then sealed his chest and returned him where he was. The boys ran to Halimah and said Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) has been killed. They came back and found him alive but pale. (Reported by Anas in the Hadith compilations of Muslim and Ahmed) Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) returned to Makkah at the age of five to his mother and grandfather who took good care of him, but the days refused to allow him tranquility among those tender hearts, as his mother died during a visit to Madinah to visit her husbands grave. She took Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and his maid Umm Aiman with her. On the way back, she fell very sick and died in Abwaa leaving Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) with Umm Aiman. His grandfather always took good care of him and never left him alone, he took him to all public gatherings. However, at the age of eight, Abdul Muttalib died leaving him into his uncle Abu Talib’s care. Since Abu Talib had many children and was not wealthy, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) insisted on sharing the burdens of life with him. He went with his uncle on a trading journey to Syria at the age of thirteen. He met a monk called Bahira during the journey, who looked at his face and the sign on his back (the sign of Prophethood) and asked Abu Talib: “What is this boy to you ?”My son he said.” “His father should not be alive.” Said Buhira. Abu Talib then said, “Yes, in fact he is my brother’s son “and told him the rest of the story. The monk said “Now you are telling me the truth. Take him back and be careful of the Jews over him.” Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) then returned to Makkah and resumed his life, working as a shepherd in his early life. He did not acquire knowledge or education from a monk or a philosopher or sorcerer, as was the norm then. Instead he read through the pages of life and took what he found good. He combined the good qualities of discipline with spiritual purity, rightness and contentment. In this manner, he entered his third phase of life and got acquainted with his first wife Khadija (r.a.) who was a merchant woman of nobility and wealth. She had heard of his truthfulness and trustworthiness, so she offered him to take her trade to Syria (before marrying him). He was 25 years old and she was 40 years old when they got married. Their marriage lasted until she died at the age of 65. The Message of Islam: Every year, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) used to leave Makkah to spend Ramadan in the cave of Hiraa where he used to meditate and worship for self-purification away from the falsehood of Jahilia. In this cave, He met with the heavenly host and listened to the voice of the angel telling him to read. He knew that he had become a Prophet of Allah (s.a.w.s.) and that it was Jabril, the ambassador of revelation who came to him; then the mission’s struggle began. Quraysh spared no efforts to fight Islam and persecuted those who embraced it. The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) and his companions abused, ridiculed, humiliated, accused of indulging in magic, and the weak and oppressed believers were tortured until they disbelieved, died or swooned (as they had no clan to defend them). In spite of all that Islam grew stronger, so Quraysh decided to change strategy and agreed not to buy, sell or intermarry with Muslims or those who approved of their religion, protected them or sympathized with them. They wrote this agreement which was called “The General Boycott” on a piece of parchment and hung it inside the Kaabah as a secret pact. Therefore, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and his followers were forced into confinement in the Vale of Banu Hashim where they were cut off of any assistance. This boycott lasted three long years during which only the bond of faith kept the hearts together and gave them strength. It ended after Hisham Ibn Amr (who felt very upset about the terrible plight of Muslims) gathered some clans around him and agreed to break the pact. They went to Makkah to tear the parchment and to their surprise they found that the worms had already eaten it up except the words: “In Your name O God.” After ten years of suffering for the mission of Islam, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) suffered the loss of his wife Khadijah and his uncle Abu Talib, in other words, he had lost his public life, as his uncle defended him and protected him from any calamity, and his private life, as Khadijah loved, supported and shared with him the miseries and pains of the Da’wah. Muhammad ’s Attractive Leadership: Muhammad led a very ordinary life yet the life style he practiced offered an example for others to follow. So this is an invitation to search through the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) lifestyle and adopt what he did in his daily activities. To start with read what Al Hasan (son of Ali) said about the Prophet of Allah (s.a.w.s.) “Doors are not locked under him, nor do door keepers stand for him, and trays of food are not served to him in the morning or the evening. He sits on the ground and eats his food from the ground. He wears coarse (rough) clothes and rides on a donkey with others sitting behind him, and he licks his fingers after taking food.” His regular deeds: His habits were really simple in all aspects of his life as we see. He never started any activity without saying “In the name of Allah.” Sleeping Habits: Aisha (r.a.) said that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) used to sleep during the earlier part of the night and stood praying during the later part. She also said that when he got up at night he started his prayer with two rakaat. When Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) went to bed he “Used to lie down on his right side and said: O Allah I surrender myself to you, and seek protection in you, longing for you and fearing you; there is no protection and no escape from you except with you, I believe in your book which you sent down and your Prophet (s.a.w.s.) whom you sent down and your Prophet (s.a.w.s.) whom you sent.” (Bukhari) Then he used to read Surah Al Ikhlas and Al Muawathatein (Surah Al -Falaq and An-Naas) three times. (Dawud and Tirmithi) Praying: Ibn Omar (r.a.) said that at night, the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) used to pray rakaat in two then finished with one, and he used to supplicate saying: “O Allah, forgive me my sins and my ignorance, my excesses in my matter and what you know better than myself. O Allah forgive me the wrongs (I did) lightly and seriously, and my accidental and intentional transgressions and all that is with me.” (Bukhari) For Fajr prayer, he used to pray two short rakaat between the call and the Iqama and also read Qur’an. According to him “Qur’an at dawn is always witnessed by the angels of the nights and the angels of the days.” (Tirmithi) Bathing, Ablution and the Call of Nature: Aisha (r.a.) said that the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) used his right hand for ablution and taking food, and the left hand for the toilet and the like. When bathing from janaba, Aisha said, “he would begin by washing his hands, then he made ablution as for prayer, then he puts his fingers in water and runs them through the roots of his hair and then poured handfuls of water with his hands over his head and let the water flow all over his body .” (Bukhari) The Prophet (s.a.w.s.) said: “It is an obligation on every Muslim to bathe at least once every seven days and wash both his head and body.” (Bukhari and Muslim) As far as ablution is concerned, Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) said: “He who makes ablution and makes it the best way, his sins leave his body, even from beneath his nails.” (Muslim). In the hadith compiled by Imam Bukhari it was narrated that when the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) got up from sleep for Tahajjud prayer, he cleansed his mouth with a tooth-stick (miswak). As far as answering the call of nature is concerned the Prophet of Allah (s.a.w.s.) said “He who relieves himself should be concealed from the view of others .” (Abu Dawud) and “Two people should not go out together to relieve themselves, uncovering their private parts and talking to each other, for Allah abhors this.” (Ahmad and Abu Dawud) He also told Omar, “Do not pass water while standing.” When he entered the toilet he used to say “O Allah I seek refuge in You from all kinds of evils.” (Bukhari) And when he came out of the toilet he used to say “Grant Your forgiveness.” (Tirmithi) Clothing: Umm Salama (r.a.) said “The piece of clothing best liked by Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) was the shirt.” (Tirmithi) When he put on a shirt, he used to begin with the right side and says “Praise be to Allah who clothed me with this.” And he forbade us to exaggerate in our clothing when he said: “Eat, drink and wear good clothes as long as these things do not involve excess, and arrogance.” (Ahmed) In another hadith it was narrated that Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) cursed the man who puts on woman’s clothes and the woman who puts on men’s clothes.” (Abu Dawud) Eating and Drinking: Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) used to invoke the name of Allah before eating and also before washing his hands before and after eating. He used to say, “The blessing of food is received by washing the hands before and after taking it.” (Tirmithi and Abu Dawud) Muslim also reported that “Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) used to eat with three fingers and he licked his hand before he wiped it.” The Messenger (s.a.w.s.) told Abu Salma (r.a.) “Invoke the name of Allah, and eat with your right hand and eat what is near.” (Muslim) And he also said, “If dinner is served, and Iqama for prayer is (also), then take the dinner first.” (Bukhari) Manners of Speech: Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) used to start his speech with salam. He says: “Saying salam comes before talking.” (Tirmithi) And he teaches us not to talk unnecessarily saying: “Do not talk without remembering Allah, for talking without remembering Allah hardens the heart.” (Tirmithi) He never used obscene talk nor did he listen to it, nor did he listen to anything about anyone. Aisha (r.a.) said that “His speech was clear and distinct such that all those who listened to him understood him.” (Abu Dawud) General Conduct in Living with People: Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) used to say salam when he arrives where people are seated and when he wishes to leave, he also says salam as “the former is as appropriate as the latter.” (Abu Dawud) He did not like people exalting him “He came out once leaning on a stick and a group of people stood up, he said: don’t stand up as foreigners stand up exalting each other therewith.” (Abu Dawud) When visiting people, he used to ask permission to enter saying “Peace be upon you, may I enter.” (Abu Dawud) and when his guests are leaving he used to go with them to the door of the house. Allah’s Messenger (s.a.w.s.) used “to receive gifts and to give gifts back.” (Bukhari) and he said “Make gifts to one another for a gift removes rancour from the chest.” (Tirmithi) At home, he used to serve his family. Aisha was asked about what the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) used to do in his house, she said “He used to work for his family, that is to serve his family, and when prayer time came, he goes out for prayer.” (Bukhari) Death of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) The pains of sickness attacked the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) since the ending of Safar of the eleventh year. Once he fainted and his family put medicine in his mouth. When he awoke, he showed his dislike of that. During his illness he would supplicate “O Allah help me in the pangs of death.” (Bukhari: narrated by Aisha) He was warning Muslims -- even when he was in the throes of death -- that they should stay committed to monotheism by saying “Allah’s curse be upon the Jews and Christians, they took their Prophet (s.a.w)’s graves as mosques.” (He was warning them against the action.) (Al-Shaikhan) The last thing the Prophet (s.a.w.s.) did before his death (according to Aisha): “He lay down in my lap, brushed his teeth harder than he had ever done before ”, then his eyes were fixed and he was saying “Nay, the Companion on high from paradise.” I said to myself “You were given the choice and you have chosen, by Him who sent you with the Truth.” Then, he passed away.” (Bukhari) This was a brief study of the Prophet (s.a.w.s.)’s way of life. It must be stressed that we will never really understand the Sirah unless we study the Qur’an and Sunnah. Praise and Glory be to Allah, we seek Allah’s forgiveness and we turn to him in repentance. Written by Shadiah Hamza Sheikh, Ph. D. (SWT): Subhanahu wa Ta'ala – ‘The Exalted’ (s.a.w.s.) : Sall-Allahu ‘Alayhi wa Sallam – ‘Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him’ (r.a.): Radia Allahu ‘Anhu – ‘May Allah be pleased with him’, Radi Allahu ‘Anha- ‘May Allah be pleased with her’, Radi Allahu ‘Anhum - ‘May Allah be pleased with them.’ Courtesy: http://www.wefound.org/texts/Muhammad_files/Muhammad%27sLife.htm Timeline of Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) Life 570 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s Birth and Infancy Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was born in the year 570 in the town of Mecca, a mountain town in the high desert plateau of western Arabia. His name derives from the Arabic verb hamada, meaning "to praise, to glorify." He was the first and only son of Abd Allah bin Al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. Abd Allah died before Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s birth and Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was raised by his mother Amina, who in keeping with Meccan tradition entrusted her son at an early age to a wet nurse named Halima from the nomadic tribe of the Sa'd ibn Bakr. He grew up in the hill country, learning their pure Arabic. 575 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) Becomes an Orphan When Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was five or six his mother took him to Yathrib, an oasis town a few hundred miles north of Mecca, to stay with relatives and visit his father's grave there. On the return journey, Amina took ill and died. She was buried in the village of Abwa on the Mecca-Medina Road. Halima, his nurse, returned to Mecca with the orphaned boy and placed him in the protection of his paternal grandfather, Abdul Al-Muttalib. In this man's care, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) learned the rudiments of statecraft. Mecca was Arabia's most important pilgrimage center and Abdul Al-Muttalib its most respected leader. He controlled important pilgrimage concessions and frequently presided over Mecca's Council of Elders. 578 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) in Mecca in Care of an Uncle Upon his grandfather's death in 578, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.), aged about eight, passed into the care of a paternal uncle, Abu Talib. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) grew up in the older man's home and remained under Abu Talib's protection for many years. Chroniclers have underscored Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s disrupted childhood. So does the Qur'an: "Did God not find you an orphan and give you shelter and care? And He found you wandering, and gave you guidance. And he found you in need, and made you independent" (93:6-8). 580-594 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s Teens When young boy, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) worked as a shepherd to help pay his keep (his uncle was of modest means). In his teens he sometimes traveled with Abu Talib, who was a merchant, accompanying caravans to trade centers. On at least one occasion, he is said to have traveled as far north as Syria. Older merchants recognized his character and nicknamed him El–Amin, the one you can trust. 594 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) Acts as Caravan Agent for Wealthy Tradeswoman, Khadija In his early twenties, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) entered the service of a wealthy Meccan merchant, a widow named Khadija bint Khawalayd. The two were distant cousins. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) carried her goods to the north and returned with a profit. 595-609 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s Marriage and Family Life Impressed by Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s honesty and character, Khadija eventually proposed marriage. They were wed in about 595. He was twenty-five. She was nearly forty. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) continued to manage Khadija's business affairs, and their next years were pleasant and prosperous. Six children were born to them, two sons who both died in infancy, and four daughters. Mecca prospered too, becoming a well–off trading center in the hands of an elite group of clan leaders who were mostly successful traders. 610 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) Receives First Revelation Mecca's new materialism and its traditional idolatry disturbed Muhammad (s.a.w.s.). He began making long retreats to a mountain cave outside town. There, he fasted and meditated. On one occasion, after a number of indistinct visionary experiences, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) was visited by an overpowering presence and instructed to recite words of such beauty and force that he and others gradually attributed them to God. This experience shook Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) to the core. It was several years before he dared to talk about it outside his family. 613 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) Takes his Message Public After several similar experiences, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) finally began to reveal the messages he was receiving to his tribe. These were gathered verse by verse and later would become the Qur'an, Islam's sacred scripture. In the next decade, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and his followers were first belittled and ridiculed, then persecuted and physically attacked for departing from traditional Mecca's tribal ways. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s message was resolutely monotheistic. For several years, the the Quraysh, Mecca's dominant tribe, levied a ban on trade with Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s people, subjecting them to near famine conditions. Toward the end of the decade, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s wife and uncle both died. Finally, the leaders of Mecca attempted to assassinate Muhammad (s.a.w.s.). 622 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and the Muslims Emigrate to Medina In 622, Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and his few hundred followers left Mecca and traveled to Yathrib, the oasis town where his father was buried. The leaders there were suffering through a vicious civil war, and they had invited this man well known for his wisdom to act as their mediator. Yathrib soon became known as Medina, the City of the Prophet. Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) remained here for the next six years, building the first Muslim community and gradually gathering more and more people to his side. 625-628 The Military Period The Meccans did not take Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s new success lightly. Early skirmishes led to three major battles in the next three years. Of these the Muslims won the first (the Battle of Badr, March, 624), lost the second (the Battle of Uhud, March, 625), and outlasted the third, (The Battle of the Trench and the Siege of Medina, April, 627). In March, 628, a treaty was signed between the two sides, which recognized the Muslims as a new force in Arabia and gave them freedom to move unmolested throughout Arabia. Meccan allies breached the treaty a year later. 630 The Conquest of Mecca By now, the balance of power had shifted radically away from once-powerful Mecca, toward Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) and the Muslims. In January, 630, they marched on Mecca and were joined by tribe after tribe along the way. They entered Mecca without bloodshed and the Meccans, seeing the tide had turned, joined them. 630-632 Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s Final Years Muhammad (s.a.w.s.) returned to live in Medina. In the next three years, he consolidated most of the Arabian Peninsula under Islam. In March, 632, he returned to Mecca one last time to perform a pilgrimage, and tens of thousands of Muslims joined him. After the pilgrimage, he returned to Medina. Three months later on June 8, 632 he died there, after a brief illness. He is buried in the mosque in Medina. Within a hundred years Muhammad (s.a.w.s.)'s teaching and way of life had spread from the remote corners of Arabia as far east as Indo-China and as far west as Morocco, France and Spain. Courtesy: http://islam.about.com/od/muhammad/tp/bio_muhammad.htm Publish your article The Exemplary Justice of the Prophet In the Qur’an, Allah commands believers to [ Be upholders of justice, bearing witness for Allah alone, even against yourselves or your parents and relatives. Whether they are rich or poor, Allah is well able to look after them. Do not follow your own desires and deviate from the truth. ] (An-Nisaa’ 4:135) With the rules he imposed on Muslims, his just and tolerant attitude towards those of other religions, languages, races, and tribes, and his way of not discriminating between rich and poor, but treating everybody equally, Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) is a great example to all of mankind. Allah says this to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in one verse, [ They are people who listen to lies and consume ill-gotten gains. If they come to you, you can either judge between them or turn away from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any way. But if you do judge, judge between them justly. Allah loves the just. ] (Al-Ma’idah 5:42) The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) abided by Allah’s commands, even with such difficult people, and never made any concessions in his implementation of justice. He became an example for all times with the words [ My Lord has commanded justice ] (Al-A`raf 8:29). A number of incidents testify to the Prophet’s justice. He lived in a place where people of different religions, languages, races, and tribes all coexisted. It was very difficult for those societies to live together in peace and security and check those who sought to spread dissension. One group could become aggressive towards and even attack another over the slightest word or action. Yet, the justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a source of peace and security for those other communities, just as much as it was for Muslims. During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Christians, Jews, and pagans were all treated equally. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) abided by the verse [ There is no compulsion where the religion is concerned ] ( Al-Baqarah 2:256), explaining the true religion to everyone, but leaving them free to make up their own minds. In another verse, Allah revealed to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the kind of justice and conciliation he needed to adopt towards those of other religions: [ So call and go straight as you have been ordered to. Do not follow their whims and desires but say, “I believe in a Book sent down by Allah and I am ordered to be just between you. Allah is our Lord and your Lord. We have our actions and you have your actions. There is no debate between us and you. Allah will gather us all together. He is our final destination. ] (Ash-Shura 42:15) This noble attitude of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), being in total harmony with the morality of the Qur’an, should be taken as an example of how members of different religions today should be treated. The Prophet’s justice brought about understanding between people of different races. In many of his addresses, even in his final sermon, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stated that superiority lay not in race, but in godliness, as Allah states in the verse [ Mankind! We created you from a male and female, and made you into peoples and tribes so that you might come to know each other. The noblest among you in Allah’s sight is that one of you who best performs his duty. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. ] (Al-Hujurat 49:13) Two hadiths report that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “ You are sons of Adam, and Adam came from dust. Let the people cease to boast about their ancestors. ” (Abu Dawud) “ These genealogies of yours are not a reason to revile anyone. You are all children of Adam. No one has any superiority over another except in religion and taqwa (godliness). ” (Ahmad) During his final sermon, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called on Muslims in the following terms: “There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab; or for white over the black or for the black over the white except in piety. Verily the noblest among you is he who is the most pious.” The agreement that was made with the Christians of Najran in the south of the Arabian Peninsula was another fine example of the justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). One of the articles in the agreement reads, The lives of the people of Najran and its surrounding area, their religion, their land, property, cattle, and those of them who are present or absent, their messengers and their places of worship are under the protection of Allah and guardianship of His Prophet. The Compact of Madinah, signed by the Muslim immigrants from Makkah, the indigenous Muslims of Madinah, and the Jews of Madinah is another important example of justice. As a result of this constitution, which established justice between communities with differing beliefs and ensured the protection of their various interests, long years of enmity were brought to an end. One of the most outstanding features of the treaty is the freedom of belief it established. The relevant article reads The Jews of Banu `Awf are one nation with the Muslims; the Jews have their religion and the Muslims have theirs. Article 16 of the treaty reads, The Jew who follows us is surely entitled to our support and the same equal rights as any one of us. He shall not be wronged nor his enemy be assisted. The Prophet’s Companions remained true to that article in the treaty, even after his death, and they even practiced it with regard to Berbers, Buddhists, Brahmans, and people of other beliefs. One of the main reasons why the golden age of Islam was one of peace and security was the Prophet’s just attitude, itself a reflection of Qur’anic morality. The justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also awoke feelings of confidence in non-Muslims, and many, including polytheists, asked to be taken under his protection. Allah revealed the following request from the polytheists in the Qur’an, and also told the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of the attitude he should adopt towards such people. [ If any of the idolaters ask you for protection, give them protection until they have heard the words of Allah. Then convey them to a place where they are safe. That is because they are a people who do not know. How could any of the idolaters possibly have a treaty with Allah and with His Messenger, except for those you made a treaty with at the Masjid al-Haram? As long as they are straight with you, be straight with them. Allah loves those who do their duty. ] (At-Tawbah 9:6-7) In our day, the only solution to the fighting and conflict going on all over the world is to adopt the morality of the Qur’an, and, like the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), never to depart from the path of justice, making no distinction between different religions, languages, or races. All articles published not necessarily the official points of view held by islamonline Explore Ibrahim Omar Al-Zaybaq's groundbreaking book "Fasl Al-Khitab", where he offers profound insights into critical events from the Prophet Muhammad's biography, challenging misconceptions and providing in-depth analysis in Islamic studies. Discover how Prophet Muhammad championed knowledge and education, leading to an era of enlightenment in Islam. Learn about his teachings on intellectual growth, science, and the pursuit of knowledge. What does humanity as a whole find in the prophet Muhammad's characters? What makes his character a role model not just for believers but for anyone searching for the “perfect human”? The article delves into the truthfulness of Prophet Muhammad's prophethood, addressing common misconceptions and providing evidence to support his divine mission. Allah gifted His servant prophet and Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) with all sublime morals. In this context, Almighty Allah says: [And surely thou hast sublime morals] (Al-Qalam 68:4). On his part, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “I was sent (by Allah) to perfect the sublime morals.” It is by Allah's grace that you have dealt gently with them. Had you been harsh and hard- hearted, they would surely have broken away from you 104 IMAGES Our Holy Prophet Essay in English 10 Lines || Short Essay on Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) The Prophet Muhammad Achievements Speech On Hazrat Muhammad 🏆 Essay on prophet muhammad. Muhammad Essay. 2022-10-31 Essay The Prophet Of Islam In English// Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) Essay In English The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ Essay VIDEO Short essay on Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in english/10 lines Essay on Hazrat Muhammad(PBUH) in english 10 Lines Prophet Muhammad | 10 lines on Holy Prophet (PBUH) in English Essay on prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) in Urdu || Essay seerat UN nabi in urdu Our Holy Prophet/English essay / Essay on Holy Prophet 5 Lines essay on Prophet Muhammad COMMENTS Essay on The Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) Essay on The Holy Prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) Our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah in the famous tribe of Quraish. His father, Abdullah died before his birth. So his mother, Amna Bibi looked after him. But she also died when he was only six years old. New, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib took ... PDF The Life Of The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Muhammad (pbuh) would often leave the crowded city and go to the cave in Mount Hira'. He liked to be alone there, away from all thoughts of the world and daily life, eating and drinking little. In his fortieth year, Muhammad (pbuh) left Mecca to spend Ramadan, the traditional month of retreat, in the cave. Muhammad: Biography, Prophet, Founder of Islam The Life of Muhammad. Muhammad was born around 570, AD in Mecca (now in Saudi Arabia). His father died before he was born and he was raised first by his grandfather and then his uncle. He belonged ... The Life of the Prophet Muhammad The Life of the Prophet Muhammad Essay. Muhammad was protected from a life of oppression by his uncle, who offered him work in his effective cavalcade occupational. Married to a wealthy entrepreneur in her individual precise Muhammad's axiom immediately showed how the essential kinfolks of the Quran survived (Alalwani & Islam 2021). Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): A Mercy For All Creation He was a Prophet raised by Allah, the Creator and Sustainer of all beings, for the guidance and happiness of conscious beings - mankind and jinn - and the harmony of existence. Therefore, he lived not for himself but for others; he is a mercy for all the worlds. Adapted from the article "The Prophet Muhammad: A Mercy for all Creation" by IslamWeb. Life Story of Prophet Muhammad: the Last Messenger of God in Islam In March of 632 CE, on Mount Arafat, the Prophet gave out his last sermon. He later went back to Medina. There, a deadly illness attacked him and he sadly never recovered. On 8th June 632, the Prophet Muhammad (in his early 60s) took his last breath. There are conspiracy theories that the Prophet was poisoned. The Life of Prophet Muhammad -Part I in Makkah The Hijrah (June 20th, 622 C.E.) The last of the able Muslims to remain in Makkah were Abu Bakr, Ali and the Prophet himself. Abu Bakr, a man of wealth, had bought two riding camels and retained a guide in readiness for the flight. The Prophet only waited for God's command. It came at last. The Biography of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ Ch 2.The Birth of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. ammad ﷺ was born in Makkah in the year when the Abyssinian (Ethiopian) Abrahah tried to destroy the Ka^bah. lnstead, Allah destroyed Abrahah and his army. At that time in Makkah, the people named years by major events. Therefore, it is said that the Prophet ﷺ was born in the "Year of the Elephant". PDF Life and Teachings of the Prophet Muhammad Abu Ayyub Ansari said that his house was the nearest and requested the Prophet to be his guest. The Prophet stayed in his house for about seven months. In the meantime, his house was built. From the day the Prophet came to Yathrib, it came to be called Madinatun-Nabi or "The City of the Prophet.". A Glance At The Life Of The Holy Prophet Of Islam This text unfolds the life of the Prophet of Islam in a structured narrative, from the obscure era of pre-Islamic Arabia to the profound impact of his teachings. Explore the Prophet's formative years, his marriages, and the philosophical underpinnings of his actions. Delve into the challenges faced during his public mission, migration, and the establishment of Islamic fraternity. The Prophethood of Muhammad Explore the Prophethood of Muhammad (sallallaahu 'alayhi wa sallam), the final Messenger sent by Allah to guide humanity. Born into a world steeped in polytheism, Muhammad conveyed the divine message of monotheism through the Holy Quran, promoting virtue, justice, and righteousness. His life, meticulously recorded from birth to death, serves as an inspiring model for generation after generation. Chapter 1: A Brief Biography Of Prophet Muhammad The Prophet Muhammad used numerous occasions to instruct the people to follow and adhere to his twelve appointed successors, 'Caliphs' or 'Imams', the first of whom was Imam Ali son of Abu Talib, and the twelfth is the living Imam Mahdi, who is hidden from public view12 until such a time when the Almighty will instruct him to reappear in public ... The Prophet's Life in Brief The Prophet's Life in Brief. Birth and Rearing. Muhammad was born in Makkah on Rabi` Awwal 12, 570 CE. His father died before his birth. The infant Muhammad was handed to a Bedouin wet nurse to be brought up by her in the healthy atmosphere of the desert. At the age of five, Muhammad returned to the care of his mother, Aminah bint Wahb, but ... PDF Stories from the Life of Prophet Muhammad (s) rapes to the Holy Prophet Muhammad as a gift. He was very excited t. be able to bring a gift for the Prophet (s). He placed the grapes beside the Prophet (s) and said, 'O Prophet of Al. ah, please accept this small gift from me'. He was a poor man who could not afford more. His face beame. with happiness as he offered his small gift. I. Muhammad's Life and Its Significance Essay In 570 CE, Muhammad was born in Mecca where he grew up under Islamic traditions, which shaped his growth during childhood (Peterson 34). Muhammad was the only child of Amina bin Wahb and Abd bin Al-Muttalib. Get a custom essay on Muhammad's Life and Its Significance. 181 writers online. Prophet Muhammad and His Characteristics Essay Conclusion. Prophet Muhammad was an Islamic leader, who is considered and believed to be a messenger form God. Muslims consider Muhammad as the true prophet who restored the ancient faith of predecessors such as Abraham, Noah and Moses. Other religions consider him as the founder of Islam. His characteristics form the foundation of Islam. Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w) The Birth of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) Prophet Muhammad (a.s) was born in a special year called 'the year of the elephant'. In that year, Abraha, the governor of the Abyssinian king marched towards Makkah with a huge army of elephants to destroy the Kaaba, the house where Allah (s.w) is worshipped. It is also known as the 'house of Allah'. The Prophet Muhammad: History of The Life Get original essay. Muhammad was born in Mecca (in present-day Saudi Arabia) in 570 ce. Orphaned at an early age, he was brought up by his uncle, Ibn Talib, head of the Banu Hashim clan in the Quraysh tribe which dominated Mecca. He was therefore born into a powerful and influential society. He worked as a merchant and a shepherd and married at ... [PDF] The History of Muhammad (ﷺ) -The Prophet & Messenger English Item Size 134.7M "The History of Muhammad (ﷺ)" gives a short account of the life of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) based on the Qur'an and authentic and reliable sources in a simple and easy language. Addeddate 2022-01-28 03:57:58 Identifier the-history-of-muhammad-the-prophet-and-messenger-english ... Muhammad Muhammad [a] (/ m oʊ ˈ h ɑː m ə d /; Arabic: مُحَمَّد, romanized: Muḥammad, lit. 'praiseworthy' [mʊˈħæm.mæd]; c. 570 - 8 June 632 CE) [b] was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. [c] According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and ... Seerat Nabawi, Life of Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) by Kathir, Khaldun, and Courtesy: Al-Maktaba Al-Salfiah, Sheesh Mahal Road, Lahore 54000. Pakistan. Ph: 042-7237184 Fax: 042-7227981. 1. A graphical and illustrative presentation (CHARTS) of the Life of Muhammad (pbuh) in Urdu language. 2. Seerat Nabvi by Tibri, Kathir and Khaldoon in Urdu language. 3. Al-Raheeq Al-Makhtoom in Urdu language. The Exemplary Justice of the Prophet The noblest among you in Allah's sight is that one of you who best performs his duty. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware.] (Al-Hujurat 49:13) Two hadiths report that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, " You are sons of Adam, and Adam came from dust. Let the people cease to boast about their ancestors. homework paper phd project resume review speech study thesis