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5 routes to getting a Doctorate

While most of those studying for a PhD take the PhD by thesis pathway, there are five viable routes to achieving a Doctorate, with both full-time and part-time options available

PhD by thesis

This is the most common means of getting a Doctorate. Over the three or four years of research at university, your PhD supervisor will support you as you aim to produce a thesis based on your research proposal .

A thesis is typically 60,000-90,000 words in length - although this can vary between institutions. For instance, the University of Glasgow's College of Social Sciences expects a thesis to be 70,000 to 100,000 words including references, bibliography and appendices, while the University of Cambridge has set an upper limit of 80,000 words.

Once completed, you'll need to defend your PhD thesis in front of a panel of examiners during your viva voce .

Doctorate by publication

This route involves submitting previously published work - such as books, book chapters and journal articles, which together form a coherent body of work and show evidence of an original contribution to a particular field of study.

The PhD by publication route is often taken by mid-career academics that haven't had the opportunity to undertake a standard Doctorate degree.

Generally, a minimum of five to eight published pieces are required, but this varies between institutions and depends on their length. The published work will be assessed to the same rigorous standards as a traditional PhD by thesis.

You must also provide a written supporting statement, which typically ranges from 5,000 to 15,000 words.

For instance, the University of Westminster asks for a commentary of 5,000 words (science and technology subjects) or 10,000 words (arts, social sciences and humanities). On the other hand, Queen Margaret University Edinburgh requires 12,000 to 15,000 words on the rationale and theoretical context for the portfolio of published work.

The work will then be presented to an academic committee. A supervisor will assist you with selecting which publications to submit, as well as guidance on the supporting statement.

Some universities accept only their own graduates for a PhD by publication, while others restrict this route to their academic staff. In general, you should have graduated from your first degree at least seven years ago to be eligible.

For example, The University of Manchester has published its own Guidance for the PhD By Published Work , with eligibility only extending to current members of staff.

Professional Doctorate

This type of Doctorate includes a significant taught component and a smaller research project, and is geared primarily towards current professionals in vocational sectors such as:

• engineering and manufacturing
• teaching and education .

Professional Doctorates are often taken on a part-time basis and can last between two and eight years. Like their standard PhD counterparts, they usually begin in October or January.

While you won't typically be looking to get an academic job , your research is expected to contribute to theory as well as professional practice. Projects often revolve around a real-life issue that affects your employer.

Several professional Doctorates, such as the Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (DClinPsy), are accredited by a professional body - for instance, the Health & Care Professions Council (HCPC) and The British Psychological Society (BPS) - and may also lead to a professional qualification .

Common titles for graduates of professional Doctorate degrees include:

• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Education (EdD)
• Doctor of Engineering (EngD)
• Doctor of Medicine (MD).

Unlike many professional Doctorates, the EngD is typically offered as a full-time course and is aimed at young engineering graduates with little or no professional experience.

Integrated PhD

This four-year qualification, also known as the New Route PhD, involves studying a one-year research Masters degree (MRes) before progressing onto a three-year PhD.

Offered by a select number of universities across the UK, integrated PhDs are supported by the government and the British Council through UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) .

Visit Research Council funding for further information on research and funding for different types of PhD.

The integrated PhD involves a combination of taught materials, practical experience and advanced research. This allows you to learn subject-specific methodologies, while building the transferable skills that will enable you to become a leader in your chosen profession.

Institutions can also develop personalised integrated PhD programmes to meet each student's needs. For example, universities may offer you the opportunity to gain a postgraduate certificate (PGCert) in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education - perfect if you're considering a career as a higher education lecturer .

Online/distance learning PhD

As PhDs are based primarily on independent research rather than time spent in lectures and seminars, distance learning has always been a viable route for many Doctoral students.

PhDs by distance learning offered by course providers such as The Open University are therefore a good option to consider if you've got family or work commitments or are an international student - as this gives you the chance to undertake Doctoral research without having to live close to your chosen institution. It's also a suitable mode of study if your subject requires you to be based in a specific location away from the university.

For the most part, you'll be in touch with your supervisor by phone, email or Skype/Zoom. You'll need to bear in mind that even if you opt for this form of research, you'll generally still need to attend university for one or two weeks of each academic year for meetings and to receive research skills training. Your final exam may be undertaken either face-to-face or virtually.

With online PhDs, you can usually register as a full or part-time student. The level of fees you pay varies between institutions - some charge the same as for a standard PhD while others offer a reduced rate.

Check that any funding you plan to apply for is available to distance learning students, as this isn't always the case.

Search for online/distance learning PhDs .

Find out more

• Discover what is a PhD?
• Sort out funding for postgraduate study .
• Consider what to do after completing your PhD .

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• Selinus Radio!

Philosophy Doctor (Ph.D) Degree by Research via distance learning

Create value for your life and career

A PhD by Research via Distance Learning perfectly adjusts to adult students’ needs, that is to people having work and family commitments yet willing to go through alternative academic path. Selinus University is an independent private international university that helps adult international students achieving their academic goals. Over the years, several surveys have shown that via Distance Learning PhDs by research can be as useful as those earned by traditional academic systems. Clearly, it has to be granted that the private institution is highly reputable. In this regard, Selinus University has acquired a respectable and trustworthy reputation, always giving personal skills and professionalism the deserved emphasis. Nowadays, Selinus University represents an important alternative to traditional studies, above all if we consider the digital era and the global village we live in. Our study system is geared towards busy people pacing today world rhythms. As a matter of fact, it is efficiently transmitted among computer devices anywhere in the world. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), in Latin: Philosophiae Doctor or Doctor Philosophiae, is the highest academic degree awarded. It usually covers all academic programs. As graduate researchers, PhD students are usually required to show competence, master their topic research but also carry out an original thesis so as to foster new academic contributions in their knowledge field. A PhD via distance learning is an original academic research in a specific branch of human knowledge. The candidate works autonomously and his/her project culminates in a final doctoral thesis. Unlike any other traditional campus based PhD, Selinus PhD by Research does not have semesters splitting; it rather consists in an independent and autonomous theoretical research on a specific academic area. This research is implemented in a final thesis that students shall complete within 24 months. Stress is given on independence during study and research; reason why students’ supervisors will not actually be tutor as in common understanding, but rather specialised consultants for students’ assistance. The student can use both textbooks and the Internet for research purpose besides having access to the online library. Working freely and independently on their research, students will grow highly specialized knowledge and specific expertise to display in their doctoral thesis defense. The Distance Learning PhD is earned after successfully completing and defending the final doctoral thesis in the academic major that has been chosen. The "Doctor of Philosophy" is the only PhD that can be obtained via Distance Learning. It should be quite clear that any laboratory method or professional practice cannot occur online or through any distance learning system. The main requirement for a distance learning PhD by Research is to submit and defend the final thesis whose minimum length have to be 90/100 pages. That will be reviewed and evaluated by an academic committee of the Selinus Unversity. In some cases, previous candidates’ publications may be relevant for PhD purposes. In case the thesis credits are not sufficient, in order to have all the required doctoral credits, additional in-depth reports (about 15-20 pages each) based on textbooks may also be requested. A PhD is often a very popular job requirement in many work areas. Especially in developing countries, with lack of basic job training, the Doctor of Philosophy gets more and more required not only for highly qualified professions, but also for multinationals, non-governmental organizations and private companies’ employments. Employees are asked for an academic "certification" higher than a Bachelor's or a Master's degree. A Master's degree is usually sufficient for most professions. The Ph.D., however, is the highest educational qualification. Only the best-qualified professionals have a Ph.D. To access the program, students need to possess a Master's degree or equivalent and be at least 30 years old. The Ph.D. program requires a minimum of 65 academic credits (about 1000 hours of study) that will be achieved through the final thesis. Distance learning Selinus PhD admission requirements are: Master Degree possession and suitable CV. There is no race, colour, sex, beliefs and/or religion discrimination. APEL (Accreditation Prior Experiential Learning) professional credits validation may contribute to the final evaluation of the thesis.

(View Accreditation Certificates)

• Distance Learning
• Program outline
• Tuition fees
• Thesis defence

Study from anywhere in the world, any time during the year

Selinus University offers several distance learning degree programs. These programs are highly affordable and cover more than 200 disciplines including management, communications, humanities, arts, psychology, natural health, therapies, computers, sciences, engineering, and others.

See the PhD study programs via Distance Learning that we offer for each faculty: Faculty of Arts & Humanities - Faculty of Business & Media - Faculty of Computer Science -  Faculty of Engineering & Technology - Faculty of Life & Earth Sciences - Faculty of Psychology -  Faculty of Natural Health Science

• 65 academic credits besides a Master's program.
• Max Average Duration: 18 months + six months further on demand.
• Admission is open for adults over 30 years of age. Master's degree or international equivalent is required for admission.
• All-inclusive price: supervisor’s support, evaluation and assessment, diploma certificate  and transcript.

The cost of a PhD by research via Distance Learning is obviously much lower than a campus based doctorate. Cost for 1 Uniselinus PhD credit: 40 euros. Transferred credit from previous education and/or professional experience not allowed. 

Final Cost: 2600 Eur

Payment plans are available upon request up to:

1)    Single payment at enrolment: 10% of discount 2)    2   monthly instalments 3)    4   monthly instalments 4)    6   monthly installments

Considering that Selinus students come from all over the world, often miles away from the university headquarters, the Doctor PhD degree via distance learning thesis can be defended in three different ways:

1) Written defense: the student develops his/her defense in a 5 pages report;

2) Oral Defense: (recommended) the student sends an audio or video file (at least 30 minutes duration) containing his/her defense;

Send registration application

Download and fill in the application ( file: Application ) by attaching the required documents specified in the application and send by email to: [email protected]

If your application is successful you will receive confirmation of your registration, the Certificate of Enrollment, the Payment Plan according to the choice made in the application and the necessary information to start your PhD program. We would like to remind you that the admission requirement for a PhD is a Master's Degree or international equivalent title.

Files to download and read before sending the enrollment request:

Doctorate enrollment

I'm interested in pursuing a Doctor (Ph.D) degree program. I would like to receive information about the following programme:

Majors can be found on the home page www.uniselinus.education by clicking on the single faculty you can access the available disciplines.

Contact info

Registered offices.

• Selinus University Graduate School LLC 8 The Green, Suite A Dover 19901 – Delaware (USA)

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What is the difference between Ph. D programs with coursework and those without it?

I have been looking into PhD programs in the Engineering field, and I have found different types of programs, such as some with coursework, and others without any coursework.

What is the practical difference between them? (Besides the obvious coursework) What kind of student is expected for each of them?

EDIT: To be more specific, I have been looking into Robotics PhD programs, such as:

• CMU Robotics PhD (Coursework + Research).
• KCL Robotics PhD (Only research).
• graduate-school

• It might be great if you were more specific about which engineering fields you are talking about and/or including links to the different types of programs you've found... –  TCSGrad Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 6:39
• As far as I know (which is little), coursework PhD programs tend to let you shape your thesis by learning incrementally from courses till you are better off on your own. For instance, if you were doing a PhD in Supercomputing; They would probably ask you to take "core courses" like Computer Hardware, Software and Design of Programs along with a few "electives" to strengthen a certain aspect and leave you on your own. Non-coursework, on the other hand, is like a full time job with research (and possibly, teaching) duties. You shape your thesis by interacting with advisors and reading books. –  user107 Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 6:53
• @shan23 Done, see edited question. –  Dr. Snoopy Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:35

4 Answers 4

It seems to me that there are several advantages; none of these are suitable for every student. It's up to you whether enough of them apply to you, to make it worth doing a taught PhD:

• A PhD with a bit of coursework in the first year will help those who are crossing over into a discipline that they're not already deeply embedded in: it will give you some hand-holding through the things you'll need to know but don't yet;
• it should (if taught well) also teach you some extra research skills;
• it will give you some indication as you progress as to how well you're doing, compared to how well you should be doing if you're going to finish
• it will allow you to explore different aspects of the field, to help you finalise your thesis topic
• it may, depending on the country and institution, give you an intermediate degree at the end of the taught section, such as an MRes, which will count for something even if you then don't go on to do the full PhD
• it lessens the culture-shock for those going straight from fully-taught study to a research degree.

• 8 "..it lessens the culture-shock for those going straight from fully-taught study to a research degree.." +1 –  user107 Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 7:15
• 3 Also +1 for the culture shock. Very true. Describes my situation exactly. –  Austin Henley Commented Apr 19, 2013 at 15:40
• 2 Coming from industry + masters, I found the class requirements annoying as they got in the way of me doing research full time. We had 9 required courses and only 2 of them provided any real value to my research. The major unseen benefit of classes is that their difficulty pushed me to make friends "in the trenches" of group projects and assignments. These friendships lasted throughout the rest of my PhD. –  Josh Hibschman Commented Jun 16, 2015 at 17:16

One thing to keep in mind is that there are international differences as well. In Germany, for instance, doctoral programs almost never require coursework as part of the research program requirements (although it may be mandated for purposes off establishing degree equivalency, if you come from a foreign country or have a degree from another field). This is because it is assumed that you have taken all the necessary courses as part of your Master's program, which is considered the follow up to the bachelor's rather than the precursor to the doctorate.

The reverse is true in the US: I don't know of any PhD programs there that don't require courses, for the reverse reason.

• 1 Does this mean that non-coursework PhD programs require that students have previously finished a Masters degree? –  Dr. Snoopy Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:37
• 6 In Germany, it does; however, for programs in other countries, you'll need to check the admissions policy of the individual programs. These are usually available on the Internet; if not, you can always send an email or call the personnel responsible for admissions. –  aeismail Commented Feb 16, 2012 at 20:45

Also, a coursework PhD program is very useful for someone (like me) who took a break from academia to work for a couple of years - it would be invaluable in refreshing those basics that have atrophied during the time spent at industry.

Sometimes, especially in the beginning, it is easier to measure course progress than research progress, and thus good for the self-esteem. Being able to say "I've accomplished something this semester" is crucial.

• Doesn't the extra workload from courses mean that to some extent, you will only get around to start concentrating on the research in year 2 and make comparably little research progress then? –  O. R. Mapper Commented Jun 17, 2015 at 16:19

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Study with the world leaders in development studies and realise your potential to transform the world with our PhD by Research.

The PhD in Development Studies by Research is IDS’s advanced research degree. It is awarded to candidates after a minimum of three years study, based on completion of original and significant research in the field of Development Studies – which is assessed through a written thesis.

*Please note: It is not possible for international students to take a part-time PhD due to UK Home Office visa restrictions, and IDS does not have a distance learning mode of its PhD Programme.

World leaders in development studies

Ranked first in the world  for Development Studies  (QS World University Rankings by Subject 2023) for the eighth year in a row – the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) transforms the knowledge, action and leadership needed for more equitable and sustainable development globally, through our world-class research, learning and teaching.

As a PhD researcher, you will join a thriving research community comprising more than 70 research staff and 50 postgraduate researchers. You will have access to research and teaching opportunities, as well as a substantial series of seminars presented by leading development professionals and practitioners.

Areas of study

We welcome submissions from researchers who share our commitment to:

• upholding climate and environmental justice
• reducing extreme inequities
• fostering healthy and fulfilling lives
• nurturing inclusive, democratic and accountable societies.

We are particularly interested in work that shows originality in addressing topics related to the work of our research fellows based across our ten  research clusters : business; cities; digital; governance; health and nutrition; impact and policy; participation; power; resource politics; and rural futures.

Find out more about our current PhD Researchers Find out more about our Research Fellows and their interests

Studying at IDS can potentially transform your view of the world – you grow a lot learning from this very rich and diverse community.

Each PhD researcher has a minimum of two supervisors. The number of hours of formal supervision will vary over the course of the PhD depending on the student, supervisor and type of research. IDS publishes a detailed PhD handbook which sets out expectations and responsibilities regarding supervision.

During the course of your PhD, you are required to give two seminars to the IDS community. The first, at the end of year one is called the Research Outline Seminar and this provides an overview of your PhD plans prior to beginning fieldwork. The second occurs halfway through year three. This is called the Work in Progress Seminar and it focuses on the research findings and overall arguments made in the dissertation.

Your PhD work is examined by dissertation and viva. Your thesis must be no longer than 80,000 words. These limits includes footnotes and bibliography but excludes any appendices.

You’re normally expected to have a Merit (an average of 60% overall) in a Master’s degree. Your qualification should be in a relevant social sciences subject. In exceptional circumstances, you may be considered for the degree if you have a qualification in a different subject area.  You must also show evidence of substantial professional work experience in development-related work.

English language requirements

Students must be proficient in English. The minimum requirement is, for example, an  IELTS  grade of 7.0 overall and no less than 6.5 in each section of the IELTS test. For  detailed information on English language requirements for international students please see the University of Sussex website .

IDS requires that students register for a minimum of three years. Most students spend time on fieldwork that may take place in a development context – either overseas or in the UK. During fieldwork, students are charged a fee which is normally 65% of the full-time fee but may be subject to change.

Almost all IDS PhD researchers choose to do empirical research and fieldwork for their PhDs. The broad parameters of this research (topic and country) are usually decided by the student and included in the proposal submitted as part of the application to the PhD programme. More detailed assessments of the scope and scale of this research are usually developed in conjunction with supervisors during the first year of the PhD. Fieldwork usually lasts between 8 and 12 months and costs depend on the scope and scale of the activities. For example, participant observation and qualitative interviews undertaken in your home country and in a language with which you are familiar, may not be very expensive, but working in a country where you need visas, in-country ethical approval, and have to employ translators, transcribers, or a team of enumerators for a quantitative survey can mean that costs rapidly escalate. Where you stay, how you travel to your fieldsite, what technology you use to collect and analyse data and how long you stay will all influence the costs. IDS does not have the resources to fund any fieldwork or travel costs. There is a small conference fund and PhD students can apply for up to £450 during their PhDs if they are presenting a paper at a conference.

After having made substantial progress and completed three years of registration, students may be permitted to transfer to pre-submission status for a maximum of 12 months. IDS considers substantial progress to be the completion of three empirical chapters, supervisors’ approval and a successful work-in-progress seminar. If pre-submission status is not granted, then full-time fees are still applicable. The pre-submission fee is approximately £500 for each year or part thereof.

Unfortunately, neither IDS nor the University of Sussex can offer financial support. Applicants requiring financial assistance should contact their local Ministry of Education or Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the British Council representative (c/o British Embassy). For the latest information on fees, funding and scholarships, visit the  University of Sussex website .

Living costs

Find out typical living costs for studying at Sussex

Find out about our terms and conditions

Your time at IDS will equip you with the training needed to launch your career in academia, government, civil society or the private sector, and make a real difference in bringing about transformative change.

Our PhD graduates are defining and solving some of the world’s most pressing global challenges in their work as:

• ministers in national governments and civil servants
• high-level officials in development organisations such as UNDP and the World Bank
• leaders and thinkers of civil-society and international development organisations such as ActionAid and Christian Aid
• high-profile academics at universities across the world.

Apply via the  University of Sussex online application . When completing the application form, please identify IDS on the application; the code for this is L1604R – Development Studies (IDS) (PHD).

Finding a supervisor

While you are not responsible for finding a supervisor, it is good practice to express your preferred supervisors on your application form. Applicants are assessed both on their academic credentials and on the relevance of their works to the research of one or more  IDS Research Fellows .

Distance learning

IDS is unable to accept applications for distance learning. We believe it is in the best interests of both PhD students and the Institute that the majority of the study period is spent at IDS. This offers the opportunity for ongoing interaction with other IDS members and students.

Your research proposal

When you apply, you must submit a detailed research proposal of 2000-3500 words indicating the primary research questions of your research project, a short review of the literature that you are planning to engage with, and your methodology. Find out how to write a research proposal.

Before applying, please read carefully our  guidelines on how to write your research proposal on the Sussex website . Here is a good example of a recent research proposal from a successful applicant:  Susana Araujo’s PhD research proposal to IDS, 2020 .

Application deadline

We prefer our PhD by Research students to start in September to coincide with the start of the University of Sussex autumn term. This timing will maximise your opportunities to take part in induction sessions, training and module enrolment (optional), both at IDS and the University of Sussex.

For September entry, the application deadlines are:

• 21 June for international students
• 21 July for UK/EU students.

In exceptional circumstances IDS may permit students to start the PhD by Research in January (for example, if visa issues prevent a September entry). The application deadline is 31 October for all January starters. We may also be able to offer some flexibility in start dates for students transferring from another organisation.

How we assess your application

When assessing your application we take into account many factors including: the quality of your research proposal, your academic qualifications, fit with IDS research priorities, previous development experience, language skills and availability of suitable supervisors.

All applications are assessed by the IDS Director of Doctoral Studies, with input from two potential supervisors. You will also be interviewed on your PhD research plans by these potential supervisors. If your application is successful, you will be contacted by the University of Sussex Admissions Office with a formal offer letter.

Presence at IDS

Your presence at IDS is vital at the early stage of your PhD when the research proposal is prepared (the first year) and then, after fieldwork, at the stage of writing up the research findings (the third year). The maximum period of registration is four years, but a PhD can be completed in three years.

Key information

Full time duration, part time duration, home fees (uk, republic of ireland, channel islands & isle of man), overseas (including eu), open days and events.

Find our more about our PhD Open Evenings, information sessions, virtual PhD events and campus tours

Key contacts

Teaching Coordinator

s.s.watson@ids.ac.uk

+44 (0)1273 915662

Related links

• PhD researcher, Jorge Ortiz-Moreno, explains what it’s like to study at IDS
• Why study at IDS
• First in the world for development studies
• Development Studies Scholarships and Funding

We’ll make all reasonable efforts to provide you with the courses, services and facilities described in this prospectus. However, we may need to make changes due to significant disruption, for example in response to Covid-19.

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Applied Doctorate vs. Ph.D.: What are the Differences?

Making a choice between two similar but different things can be a challenge.

Oh, sure, some things don’t fall under the “do-or-die” category of decision making. With some things, there simply is no wrong choice.

Take a sports car versus an SUV, for example. Either is a great choice, depending on your budget, your lifestyle and your personal preferences.

What about an angus beef burger versus a textured soy protein patty? When it comes to radically opposing food choices, there’s usually a clear-cut winner.

Yet what about the more important things in life … like your career, your future and your doctoral education?

You already know the drill when it comes to deciding if a Ph.D. or doctorate is right for you:

• Investigate each type of degree program.
• Make a list of personal and professional pros and cons for each type of degree.
• Seek the wise counsel of colleagues, academic advisors and professional mentors.
• Make a confident decision about which degree is right for.

But first, let’s define the Ph.D. and the professional doctorate and then look at how they’re different from one another.

What is a Ph.D.?

A Ph.D., or Doctor of Philosophy, is a high-level degree earned after a period of three or more years of graduate-level study, culminating in the creation, submission, presentation and defense of a research dissertation.

The Ph.D. can be awarded in a wide variety of fields, including the sciences, engineering and humanities. The term “philosophy,” according to Wikipedia, “does not refer solely to the field or academic disciple of philosophy, but is used in a broader sense in accordance with its original Greek meaning, which is ‘love of wisdom.’”

For some professions, such as university professor or researcher, the Ph.D. is pretty much de rigueur. Most Ph.D.s are earned as a means of contributing original research findings to an academic community, field of study or professional discipline.  

Earning a doctorate is challenging and rewarding, but do you know what to really expect? Download this free guide for tips and insights to help you prepare for success.  

What is an applied professional doctorate.

This doctorate is an advanced, high-level degree, too, earned after a period of three or more years of graduate-level study across a wide variety of disciplines. Like the Ph.D. it, too, culminates in the creation, submission, presentation and defense of a research dissertation or similar type of comprehensive final project.

The professional doctorate is also a research-based degree, only it emphasizes looking at existing bodies of knowledge and raising questions for the purposes of solving a problem and applying theories to a real-world setting.

Applied doctorate degrees first became well established in the United Kingdom and Australia and were initially offered in the United States by for-profit colleges and universities. Employer demand for higher skill levels and actionable problem-solving, however, opened up new programs at accredited non-profit institutions.

Different than a theoretical, Ph.D. degree, the professional doctorate is often the best terminal degree for the working professional who’s driven to lead and innovate.

Applied doctoral degree programs offer the opportunity to earn a practical degree that enables both subject mastery and field application.

What is the difference between the Ph.D. and doctorate?

It’s often assumed that a Ph.D. is a teaching-only degree while a professional doctorate is for the corporate player. The truth is, either degree can be valued in an academic or professional setting, depending on the type of institution or organization. Furthermore, either degree could be right for you.

Dr. Christopher Washington, Franklin University’s provost and chief academic officer explains the fundamental difference between the Ph.D. and the applied professional doctorate degree this way:

“With a Ph.D., you generate new theory. With the professional doctorate, you start from a place of practice and what’s going on in the world. You look at existing bodies of knowledge to see what theories have been created. Then you raise questions to determine how to design experiences that test theory to practice. In cultivating these types of practitioner-oriented scholars, there’s potential for a stronger and better relationship between the scholar and the community he or she serves. Such a connection helps us convene people to tackle the hard questions.”

Here we offer a side-by-side comparison of the Ph.D. and the professional doctorate to further demonstrate the differences (and similarities):

As you can see, the differences between the Ph.D. and the applied doctorate are few – and many – most of which are directly related to how earning the degree will impact your career.

Here are a few questions to ask yourself before deciding which degree is right for you :

• Do you want to conduct research or analyze and apply it?
• Do you want to work in an academic or professional setting?
• Do you want to identify problems or lead solutions to them?

Explains Dr. Washington, “If you want to generate new theory and conduct pure science within the pursuit of an academic life, then the Ph.D. is probably more in line with what you’ll need. If, however, you want to advance knowledge within a complex, global practice context while challenging yourself professionally, consider the applied doctorate degree.”

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PhD by Papers

Rather than writing a single book-like thesis examining a single topic, a PhD by Papers gives you the choice of writing a thesis comprising of several separate (though thematically unified) papers, in the style of philosophy journal articles.

Birmingham is one of the first philosophy departments in the UK to offer a PhD by Papers option and, although this style of PhD thesis is very popular at top US departments and offers many advantages for students, it is rare in the UK. The advantages include:

• Ideas don’t always come in book-shaped packages. Our PhD by Papers format recognises that, allowing you greater scope to follow your interests
• If you would like to become an academic philosopher, you will need to publish in philosophical journals, preferably before finishing your PhD. Our PhD by Papers means your work towards publishable papers is always work towards the PhD thesis, improving your academic job prospects along the way

The Department of Philosophy was ranked 1st in the UK in the Research Excellence Framework exercise 2021 based on Grade Point Average (Times Higher Education).

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PhD by Distance

Our PhD by Distance programme allows you to benefit from our world-class support and the expertise of a Reading-based supervisor, while conducting your research in a location that suits your circumstances. 

The programme is available to candidates who need to study for most of their registration period at another site, whether in the UK, or worldwide. Acceptance for PhD by Distance is subject to the approval of the supervisors and the relevant school or department.

There are several reasons why you may wish to base yourself away from the University of Reading while undertaking your PhD:

• You have an extensive fieldwork element to your research
• You have responsibilities (e.g. caring or employment) that prevent you from attending on campus
• You are already based and/or employed in an environment that is relevant and conducive to their research
• You do not reside within travelling distance of the University
• You are based in a UK research organisation/institution with a collaborative agreement with the University of Reading in place  

What the programme offers

On the PhD by Distance programme, you will benefit from:

• the opportunity to study on  either a part-time (4-6 years duration) or full-time basis (3-4 years duration)
• supervision from one or more leading University of Reading academics, working at the forefront of their field
• access to a range of high-quality training, delivered on campus or online (see section below on Training)
• access to extensive online Library resources
• a PhD qualification which is delivered and examined at the same high academic standard as a campus-based PhD and a standard PhD degree certificate which does not state the mode of study on it.

Training for PhD by Distance students

The doctoral and researcher college provides a suite of generic researcher training open to all doctoral researchers at reading; this complements subject-specific training available via schools. the specific content of the programme changes from year to year but broadly includes the following: .

• Live online training (available off-campus) – A selection of our training sessions in the Reading Researcher Development Programme (RRDP) are delivered live online each year. UK time zone applies
• Recorded tutorials (available off-campus) – A small but growing selection of recorded tutorials on key topics such as managing data, academic English and research funding 
• Face-to-face training (available on campus only) - Other RRDP training sessions and selected longer programmes are offered face-to-face only. Students registered By Distance have access to face-to-face training when physically present on campus.     

By Distance study entails reduced access to training opportunities and on-campus experience. By Distance candidates are encouraged to discuss and mutually agree overall training plans with their supervisor and seek supplementary training external to Reading (e.g. via an employer or nearby institution) as appropriate.

Induction and physical attendance

A University-wide induction event is held by the Doctoral and Researcher College near the start of each term for all new doctoral researchers. PhD by Distance students studying at Reading in the first term are expected to attend. Where it is not possible for PhD by Distance students to attend in person (i.e. they are not on campus), a recording of the induction will be made available on the virtual learning environment.

Students registered By Distance will benefit from being physically present on campus for periods of time, for instance to attend induction and selected training, to meet their supervisor and peers, and to attend at key points such as Confirmation of Registration. It is strongly recommended that the first month of their programme be spent on campus. 

Eligibility

You must meet the following criteria:

• Satisfy the academic and English language entry requirements for PhD study
• The candidate has a research project which can be undertaken successfully by distance; regular access to campus should not be essential for successful completion of the research
• The candidate must be able to demonstrate that they have the time to undertake a PhD on the selected mode (full-time or part-time). Part-time doctoral study at Reading typically equates to between 50% and 60% of full-time
• The candidate has independent access to the resources needed to successfully complete their research; this will vary between candidates and projects but may include access to archives, facilities, data collection, digital infrastructure or space in their off-campus location
• The candidate is well motivated to work alone; they understand that By Distance registration is not an online learning programme and has reduced access to campus training
• The candidate and School/Department have discussed the suitability of their research project and personal circumstances for study by distance
• The candidate, where appropriate, has access to support from a local supervisor or mentor with experience in the academic field and also of supporting students or equivalent researchers. Advisors/mentors may be appointed to provide a regular point of contact, and are normally in a position to act as an ‘advocate’ and provide pastoral care if needed.
• Will study at least two-thirds of your minimum registration period off campus   

If you are intending to study in the Henley Business School, then please check with the  relevant Department within the Business School  about whether PhD by Distance is available before you apply.

A PhD by Distance is not suitable for all candidates. In offering a PhD By Distance programme specific consideration is given to the suitability of the research project, and whether it can be completed successfully without regular access to campus. Further consideration is given to areas of supervision, support, transferable and subject-specific skills training, research environment , progression milestones and the examination process in order to ensure off campus research students receive a comparable (although, not similar) experience to on campus students registered on ‘standard’ PhD programmes.

Fees for PhD by Distance programmes can be found on the fees webpage

• How to apply

Before starting your application, you are strongly advised to  navigate to the PhD webpages of your chosen school or department  to read the specific guidance on how to apply, as the requirements can vary. Once you have read the guidance, you will need to make a formal application through the University's  online application system , highlighting that you wish to study for a PhD by Distance (full or part-time). If you have questions about PhD by Distance in a specific school or department, then please contact the relevant School/Department PGR Administrator in the  School PGR Support Team . 

Immigration considerations for international students

PhD by Distance students must ensure that when visiting the University that they obtain the correct visa. The correct type of visa depends upon the period of time which a student intends to spend physically at the University.

PhD by Distance students can visit the University for up to six months within each academic year with a maximum of eighteen months in total for the duration of their programme. Students must discuss their intentions with the Doctoral Research Office (DRO) well in advance of any planned visit to the University. The DRO is well-placed to provide information on a range of immigration-related matters related to Postgraduate Research Programmes [email protected]

Examination

The normal expectation is that the viva of a PhD by Distance student will take place in Reading. Where this is not feasible, online examinations will be arranged.

Further information

Further information on PhD by Distance study can be found in the University's guidance on PhD by Distance .

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PhD by publication

PhD awards for published researchers

Explore how you can turn your existing peer reviewed research publications into a PhD qualification

What is a PhD by publication?

A PhD by publication is a postgraduate research degree that's based on research you've already undertaken and had published (excluding self-publishing) before registering with us.

Depending on the subject area, peer reviewed  academic papers, complete books, chapters in anthologies, or equivalent materials accepted for publication, exhibited or performed  may be  eligibl e. You'll have to submit these materials for examination between 6–12 months after registering with us.

These materials will be accompanied by a commentary of 5,000–10,000 words, which outlines your work's coherence, significance and contribution to knowledge, and you'll be examined through an oral defence of your research, known as a viva voce. Applicants must have held a first or higher degree from a UK higher education institute – or a recognised equivalent non-UK degree of the same standard – for at least 5 years.

Once you've been awarded a PhD by publication, you'll be in a great position to move onto further research or to use your new postgraduate qualification to progress your career.

The cost of getting a PhD by publication in most of our subject areas is £4,500 for external candidates – check your research subject area page  for more details.

How to apply

To be considered for a PhD by publication, you'll need to have held an undergraduate or postgraduate degree – awarded either by a UK higher education institute or a recognised non-UK equivalent – for at least 5 years.

To apply you'll need:

• A CV and the names of two referees
• A title of the proposed PhD
• A listing of the published work on which the application is based
• A statement of not more than 1000 words setting out your view of the nature and significance of the work submitted

Apply from the relevant subject area page .

If your application is successful, you'll need to submit the already-published materials – those that you wish to be considered as part of your PhD by publication award – between 6–12 months after registering with us.

Best Research Universities with Online Doctorates (PhDs) 2024

Earning a PhD can boost your career potential. We rank the best research universities that offer online doctorate programs.

Key Takeaways

• Online doctoral degree programs are growing in availability at top-ranked research universities.
• Doctoral students seeking accredited online degree programs from top research universities have a number of excellent options to choose from.
• Many online programs at the doctoral level are geared toward working professionals seeking to advance in their career.

Featured Programs

Prospective students considering online doctoral programs can choose from a wide range of excellent programs at an array of top research universities. Research universities are schools that invest heavily in research. These universities are therefore able to provide meaningful opportunities for students and faculty to participate in research.

This high level of research activity makes research universities a particularly strong draw for doctoral students and Phd candidates. Doctoral and PhD candidates are typically already working at a high level in their field.

This means that students seeking their doctorate through online doctoral programs must balance existing work and personal responsibilities with a challenging course of education. This is why a growing number of research universities offer online doctoral programs.

For a look at how these online doctoral programs stack up against traditional on campus programs, check out our look at the 50 Best Graduate Schools in the U.S.

Otherwise, read on and learn more about how you can earn an online PhD from a top research university.

The Carnegie Classification System at Research Universities

The best research universities for online doctoral degrees are classified into different tiers based on their quantifiable commitment to research activities. This tiered ranking is commonly called the Carnegie Classification.

The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education is a framework for categorizing all accredited, degree-granting institutions in the United States.

Originally formulated in 1970 by The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, and administered through the University of Indiana’s Center for Postsecondary Research since 2014, the Carnegie Classification is “the leading framework for recognizing and describing institutional diversity in U.S. higher education.”

Under this classification, top research universities for doctoral degrees and PhD candidates are identified as either R2: Doctoral Universities for “high research activity” or R1: Doctoral Universities for “very high research activity.” Look for these classifications when considering options for your online PhD programs.

Accreditation for Your Online Doctoral Program at a Research University

Online doctoral degree programs are growing in both availability and diversity. Online doctoral programs are offered in an increasingly wide range of subjects including areas like:

• Educational leadership
• Educational administration
• Community college leadership
• Health sciences
• Physical therapy
• Nursing practice program options
• Occupational therapy
• Systems engineering
• Computer engineering

...and much more.

An online doctoral programs becoming increasingly diverse in their offerings, proper accreditation becomes more important than ever when determining the quality and credibility of your online PhD:

• Institutional Accreditation : Accreditation is vital for online doctoral programs. It signifies that the online Ph.D programs offered by the graduate school are in compliance with the standards of a Department of Education-approved accrediting body.

A school must also be accredited in order to offer federal financial aid to its online doctorate candidates. When looking for an online doctoral program, seek out options with accreditation from a colleges and schools commission in your region. This stamp of approval is critical for ensuring the quality and credibility of your online program.

• Programmatic Accreditation : In addition to institutional accreditation, be sure that you are only considering online doctorate degree programs with programmatic accreditation.

For instance, if you seek a doctor of nursing practice, be sure that your online doctoral degree program has accreditation from the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). If you seek a PhD in business administration, be sure you only consider online degrees with programmatic accreditation from the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP).

Programmatic accreditation ensures you only select from online PhD programs respected in your field.

Key Point: The best online doctoral programs will have both institutional and programmatic accreditation.

What to Expect from an Online Doctorate Program at a Research University

Admission requirements.

Each research university offering online doctorate programs will have its own admission requirements. However, most online doctoral programs will carry the same basic threshold for admission:

• A completed online application
• Official undergraduate college transcripts
• A cumulative GPA of at least 3.0
• GRE scores, MAT scores, or GMAT scores
• Letters of recommendation
• Personal interviews
• Personal statement or essay
• Plan of study

Key Point: In most cases, you’ll be eligible to enter a doctoral degree online after earning a bachelor’s degree. However, some specialized online PhD programs may require you to have earned a master’s degree as well.

Curriculum and Courses

As with other advanced degree and graduate programs, research is the central component of your online PhD program. This is true for fully online doctorate degrees as well as hybrid degrees combining online education with traditional on-campus courses.

Regardless of whether you complete a traditional, hybrid or online doctoral program, the typical time to completion is three to six years.

The typical components of your online PhD program may include:

Foundational Courses

While some foundational online doctorate courses may be focused on your specific discipline or area of study, most courses will focus on research methods and experimental design. You may be able to complete many of these requirements through online classes.

Examinations for PhD Candidacy

Many online doctoral students are required to complete certain examinations to enter into online PhD candidacy. This will typically occur after you’ve completed one to two years of foundational courses.

Dissertation Requirements in Online PhD Programs at Research Universities

Dissertation.

In most cases, the central component of your online PhD program will be the completion of your dissertation. After gaining status as an online PhD candidate, you will typically work closely with a professorial advisor or mentor to develop an original research question.

This research question will form the basis of your dissertation—an ongoing project designed to address this research question through applied research. While you will work closely with your advisor or mentor, much of your dissertation will be rooted in independent research. This is especially true for students pursuing an online PhD.

Oral Defense

Upon completion of the written portion of your dissertation—which will typically present the findings from your original research project—you will be expected to defend your findings. This “oral defense” will typically be conducted by a commission of professors and experts in your field. PhD candidates in some online degree programs may be able to conduct this defense via teleconferencing.

Teaching Requirements

Some online Ph.D programs will also include a teaching component, which will require you to work as an adjunct professor or teacher’s assistant in an undergraduate or graduate school. It may be possible for students in the online doctoral degree program to also serve teaching requirements by instructing online students.

Key Point: The online PhD is a research-focused degree. Your dissertation will be a central part of your online doctoral degree program.

Careers for Students Who Complete Online Doctoral Degree Programs

The PhD is generally considered a terminal degree at most research universities and in most fields. This means that students who complete credible online doctoral programs in their field are generally eligible for top positions and opportunities in their field. These opportunities, and the pay scale, may differ from one field to the next.

That said, the Bureau of Labor Statistics notes that, in 2021, working professionals with a PhD earned more per week than other Americans in every educational demographic. According to the BLS, the median weekly earning for graduate students with a doctoral degree was $1909. By contrast, those with a master’s degree earned a weekly median of $1574, while bachelor’s degree holders earned a median of $1334.

These higher earnings are reflective of the rarified professional opportunities that await those with a PhD in their field. Working professionals who earn an accredited online doctorate may be eligible to work in the following areas.

• Theoretical Research
• Scientific Research
• Post-Secondary Education
• Public Policy Consultation
• Clinical Practice
• Organizational Leadership

Key Point: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, students with a doctorate will earn more than graduates with a bachelor’s or master’s degree.

What’s the difference between online doctoral programs and online Ph.D programs?

Technically, a PhD is a type of doctorate degree. This means that all online PhD candidates are doctoral students. By contrast, not all doctoral students are PhD candidates.

The primary distinction is that doctoral students are primarily focused on putting existing theories into practice. Depending on your chosen field, your online doctoral degree may require participation in an educational leadership program, engagement in clinical practice, work as a resident in a nursing program, and much more.

By contrast, online PhD students are focused on creating new knowledge in their area of study. This usually means that online PhD candidates are focused on introducing new theories, creating research projects around these theories, and presenting new findings that demonstrate a mastery of existing knowledge and the insight to introduce new ideas into the field.

Today, more working professionals than ever before are pursuing both online doctoral degrees and online Phd programs.

The 20 Best Research Universities with Online Doctorates

University of southern california.

• #19 Best Universities in the US Ranked for Prospective Students in 2024
• #2 Best Private Colleges in California 2024
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• #4 Best Grad Schools California 2024
• #5 Best Colleges in California 2024
• #5 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #5 Best Research Universities for Education Degrees
• #9 Best Research Universities for Communications Degrees
• #13 Best Research Universities for Engineering Degrees
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• #20 Best Research Universities for Chemistry Degrees
• #20 Best Research Universities for Economics Degrees
• #21 Best Research Universities for Philosophy Degrees
• #22 Best Research Universities for Math Degrees
• #1 Top 7 Best Online Social Work PhDs (DSW Programs) 2024
• #1 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #1 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #1 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #1 Top 8 Best Online Applied Behavioral Analysis PhDs (Doctorates)
• #1 Best Online Doctorate of Physical Therapy Programs (PhDs)
• #1 Best Online Master's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs
• #1 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #1 Best Online Doctorate in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #1 Best Data Science Online Master’s Programs
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• #1 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #1 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
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• #17 The Best Traditional MBA Programs Ranked for Students in 2024

Tuition + fees

Student body

Median SAT/ACT

Career Outlook for degree at University of Southern California

University of Southern California’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Social Work
• Engineering
• Criminal Justice
• Communications
• Computer Science
• Political Science

Most Influential Alumni

• Frank Gehry
• Neil Armstrong
• Jack L. Warner
• John Mearsheimer
• Boris Podolsky
• Michael D. Griffin
• Maulana Karenga
• O. J. Simpson
• Robert Ballard

Plan to pursue career opportunities in the Los Angeles area. Some estimates identify USC as the largest employer in the region as well as a top contributor to the labor market.

Are seeking a more intimate academic experience. USC is a massive school in an urban environment.

University of Arizona

• #1 Best Grad Schools in Arizona 2024
• #1 Most Affordable Colleges in Arizona 2024
• #1 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #1 Best Public Colleges in Arizona 2024
• #1 Best Research Universities in Arizona 2024
• #23 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Master's in Behavior Analysis Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #1 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Arizona 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's of Economics Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Philosophy Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Arizona 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Arizona
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Electrical and Computer Engineering Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Child Development Degree Programs for 2024
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• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online MBA in Entrepreneurship Ranked for Students in 2024
• #2 Best Online MBA in Business Analytics Ranked for Students in 2024
• #2 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #2 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Master's of Nursing Programs
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Biology
• #2 Best Online MBAs in Finance
• #2 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #2 Best Online MBA Programs in Arizona
• #3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity
• #3 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Digital Media for 2024
• #3 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
• #4 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #4 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
• #4 Best Online Master's Degrees in Accounting
• #4 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
• #4 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #4 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Economics PhD Programs (Doctorates) 2024
• #4 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
• #4 Best Online Master's in Economics
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Human Services Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #5 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
• #6 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
• #7 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #7 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #8 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #8 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #9 Best Online Master's in Management
• #10 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
• #11 Most Affordable Online Sociology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #12 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #13 Most Affordable Online Criminal Justice PhDs (Doctorates)
• #20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #3 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024
• #6 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Arizona

University of Arizona’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Anthropology
• Earth Sciences
• Geraldo Rivera
• Clifford Stoll
• Temple Grandin
• Garry Shandling
• Brian Schmidt
• Henry Eyring
• Michael McClure
• Barbara Kingsolver
• George H. Smith
• Allen Buchanan
• Frank Press

Enjoy college athletics. The Arizona Wildcats have won numerous championships across various Pac-12 Conference sports.

Prefer an intimate college experience.

George Washington University

• #2 Best Colleges in DC 2024
• #6 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #9 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #16 Best Research Universities for Communications Degrees
• #20 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
• #21 Best Research Universities for Business Degrees
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in DC
• #2 Best Online Master's Programs in DC 2024
• #3 Top 10 Best Online Master's of Public Relations Ranked 2024
• #5 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
• #6 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
• #6 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
• #7 Top 8 Fastest Accelerated Online Psychology Doctorates (PhDs)
• #10 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #7 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at George Washington University

George Washington University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• J. Edgar Hoover
• L. Ron Hubbard
• Glenn Greenwald
• Bob Woodward
• Allen Dulles
• George Armitage Miller
• Juan Guaidó
• Roger Stone
• James E. Webb
• Lester Frank Ward
• Brian Williams

Are interested in fields like political science, law, and civics. Its location in the U.S. capital makes GW a prime destination for these areas of study.

Don’t wish to attend college in an urban environment. GW is immersed directly in the city of Washington D.C.

George Washington University’s Online Degrees

• PhD in Systems Engineering
• DEng in Cybersecurity Analytics
• DEng in Engineering Management

Florida State University

• #3 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #3 Best Grad Schools in Florida 2024
• #3 Best Colleges in Florida 2024
• #3 Best Research Universities in Florida 2024
• #4 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #14 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
• #1 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
• #1 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
• #2 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Information Technology
• #2 Best Online Master’s in Information Technology
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online Colleges in Florida 2024
• #3 Best Online MBA Programs in Florida
• #3 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
• #3 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #3 Best Online Master's Programs in Florida 2024
• #4 20 Best Online Master's of Speech Pathology Degree Programs
• #4 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #4 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #5 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
• #6 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #6 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #7 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #12 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #13 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #16 Best Online Master's in Management
• #16 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #20 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
• #20 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #16 Most Affordable Master's in Counseling Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Florida State University

Florida State University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Hunter S. Thompson
• Robert Costanza
• Ronald Numbers
• Mark S. Wrighton
• Sylvia Earle
• Michael Berenbaum
• Jim A. Kuypers
• Neil Druckmann
• Norman Thagard
• Barry Jenkins
• Deion Sanders
• Richard W. Rahn

Are looking to participate in campus activities, Greek life, and sporting event attendance.

Prefer a more intimate college experience.

University of Missouri

• #2 Best Research Universities in Missouri 2024
• #2 Best Colleges in Missouri 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's of English Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #1 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Missouri 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Business Degree Programs
• #1 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
• #1 Best Online Master's in Biology
• #2 5 Inexpensive Online Master's Programs in Library Science
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Health Science Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #2 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
• #2 Best Online Colleges in Missouri 2024
• #3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Master's of Nursing Programs
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
• #3 Best Online Master's in Economics
• #3 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Degree Completion Programs for Returning Students
• #4 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #5 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #5 Best Online Master's Degrees in Accounting
• #6 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #6 Best RN to BSN Online
• #6 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
• #6 Best Online Master’s in Finance
• #9 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
• #10 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #10 Best Data Science Online Master’s Programs
• #12 Top 20 Easiest Online Degrees from Accredited Schools in 2024
• #12 Most Affordable Online Sociology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #14 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #14 Best Online Master's in Management
• #16 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #16 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
• #16 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #18 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #1 10 Best Accelerated Online PhD Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #9 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Missouri

University of Missouri’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Mathematics
• Tennessee Williams
• Barbara McClintock
• Harlow Shapley
• David McClelland
• Richard Matheson
• Eugenie Scott
• Suisheng Zhao
• Robert W. McChesney
• Charles Stark Draper
• William Manchester
• Margaret Weis

Are looking for lots of options. With more than 300 degree programs, University of Missouri is excellent for students with an undeclared major.

Don’t wish to live on a large campus. Students at University of Missouri note that many classes take place in large lecture halls.

University of Alabama

• #1 Best Research Universities in Alabama 2024
• #1 Best Public Colleges in Alabama 2024
• #10 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #11 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #25 Best Research Universities for Nursing Degrees
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's in Human Development Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Marketing and Advertising Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in Alabama
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Alabama 2024
• #1 Best Online Master’s in Educational Administration
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Alabama 2024
• #2 Best Online Master's in Kinesiology Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online Master's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online Master’s in Health Science
• #2 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Child Development Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Master's in Organizational Leadership
• #4 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #4 Best Online Bachelor's in Public Health Degree Programs for Students
• #6 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #6 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #6 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #6 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #6 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #6 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #8 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #8 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
• #8 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
• #11 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #14 Top 20 Best Online MBA Programs that Can Be Completed in One Year 2024
• #15 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #17 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #21 Best Online Master's in Management
• #21 Best Online Master's Programs 2024
• #11 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at University of Alabama

University of Alabama’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Edward O. Wilson
• Timothy Leary
• Bernie Madoff
• Nathan Jacobson
• John Ridley Stroop
• George W. Snedecor
• Mohammad Ataul Karim

Enjoy a strong athletics program. The University of Alabama Crimson Tide enjoy a heated cross-state rivalry with the Tigers of Auburn University.

Prefer a more intimate learning environment. University of Alabama is noted for the size of its student body, the scope of its academic offerings, and the expansiveness of its campus facilities.

University of Kentucky

• #1 Best Colleges in Kentucky 2024
• #1 Best Public Colleges in Kentucky 2024
• #1 Best Research Universities in Kentucky 2024
• #1 Best Online Master's in Kinesiology Degree Programs
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in Kentucky
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Kentucky 2024
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Kentucky 2024
• #2 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
• #3 Top 7 Best Online Social Work PhDs (DSW Programs) 2024
• #4 Best Online Bachelor’s in Liberal Arts and Humanities Degree Programs for 2024
• #5 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
• #5 Best Online Master’s in Counseling
• #5 Best Online Master’s in Education
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's in Social Work Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #6 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #7 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #7 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #7 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #8 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #8 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #8 Best Online Master’s in Finance
• #9 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #11 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #13 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #15 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #15 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Social Work PhDs (Doctorates)
• #15 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #16 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #23 Best Online Master's in Management

Career Outlook for degree at University of Kentucky

University of Kentucky’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Thomas Hunt Morgan
• Joe Nickell
• Wendell Berry
• William M. Bass
• Scott Pruitt
• Story Musgrave
• William Lipscomb
• James C. Klotter
• Walter Hooper
• David Schweickart
• Mitch McConnell

Are looking to get involved. Students who attend the University of Kentucky praise the extremely wide variety of clubs, activities, and on-campus events.

Are looking for a quiet, intimate campus. Students note that Greek life and sporting events are a major part of the culture at this large institution.

Baylor University

• #2 Best Christian Colleges in Texas 2024
• #3 Best Private Colleges in Texas 2024
• #4 The Most Influential Universities and Colleges Ranked by State 2024
• #6 Best Grad Schools In Texas 2024
• #6 Best Research Universities in Texas 2024
• #6 Best Colleges in Texas 2024
• #11 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in Texas
• #2 11 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Speech Pathology
• #2 Best Online Doctorate in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #3 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
• #5 Top 7 Best Online Social Work PhDs (DSW Programs) 2024
• #5 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #5 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
• #6 Best Online Master's Programs in Texas 2024
• #7 20 Best Online Master's of Speech Pathology Degree Programs
• #8 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #8 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #8 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #13 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #16 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #16 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
• #17 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #17 Top 20 Best Online MBA Programs that Can Be Completed in One Year 2024
• #18 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #19 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #5 Fastest Accelerated Online Bachelor's of Nursing Degree Programs 2024
• #12 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Baylor University

Baylor University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Religious Studies
• Dallas Willard
• Miguel A. De La Torre
• Norman Shumway
• Gary W. Keller
• Jeff Dunham
• Benjamin Ladner
• Peter A. McCullough
• James R. Heath
• Steven C. Currall
• H. Bentley Glass

Are seeking a beautiful campus with thoughtful architecture. Students describe Baylor’s main campus as warm and welcoming.

Have financial constraints. Baylor University is a comparatively costly private institution.

Clemson University

• #2 Best Research Universities in South Carolina 2024
• #2 Best Public Colleges in South Carolina 2024
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in South Carolina
• #2 Best Online Master's Programs in South Carolina 2024
• #2 Best Online Colleges in South Carolina 2024
• #2 Most Unusual Doctoral Degrees You Can Earn Online (PhDs)
• #4 Best Online Master’s in Emergency Management
• #4 Top 10 Best Online Communications PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #4 Best Online Master's in Biology
• #8 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
• #9 Best Online Master’s in Sustainability and Green Technologies
• #11 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #18 Best Data Science Online Master’s Programs
• #18 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #20 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #20 Fastest Online Doctoral Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #24 Best Online Master’s in Engineering

Career Outlook for degree at Clemson University

Clemson University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• James Dickey
• Strom Thurmond
• John Edwards
• Jo Jorgensen
• Anthony Bradley
• James F. Byrnes
• Warren E. Dixon
• Dolph Lundgren
• Thomas Naylor
• Horace Grant
• Dwight Clark
• Deshaun Watson

Enjoy college athletics. Clemson’s Tigers enjoy an enormous cultural presence both on campus and in the surrounding region.

Are looking for a college in a lively area. Clemson is located in the foothills of the picturesque Blue Ridge Mountains, but this also means that the university is a two hour drive from the nearest city.

Loyola University Chicago

• #4 Best Private Colleges in Illinois 2024
• #6 Best Colleges in Illinois 2024
• #6 Best Research Universities in Illinois 2024
• #6 Best Grad Schools Illinois 2024
• #16 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #1 The Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Bachelor's Degrees
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Illinois 2024
• #2 Best Online Master's in Healthcare Administration
• #2 Best Online Colleges in Illinois 2024
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Law and Legal Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Accredited Online Juris Doctorate (JD) Law Programs
• #4 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
• #4 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
• #5 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of Information Technology
• #5 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
• #7 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
• #8 Best Online Master's in Social Work MSW
• #9 Fastest Online Associate Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #10 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #12 Best Online Master’s in Information Technology
• #13 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #14 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Loyola University Chicago

Loyola University Chicago’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Marsha M. Linehan
• Norman Geisler
• Sandra Cisneros
• Levi Bryant
• Stuart Dybek
• Alphonso Lingis
• Shalanda Young
• Joseph Fitzmyer
• Wilton Daniel Gregory
• Fabian Udekwu
• Bob Newhart
• John Hardon

Wish to attend a college immersed in the bustling metropolitan city of Chicago.

Have financial constraints. Students at Loyola note that even with the school’s often generous financial aid packages and scholarships, the high cost of tuition and the high cost of living can be challenging.

University of Arkansas

• #1 Best Public Colleges in Arkansas 2024
• #1 Best Research Universities in Arkansas 2024
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Arkansas 2024
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in Arkansas
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Arkansas 2024
• #1 Best Online Associate Degrees in Arkansas 2024
• #1 Best Online Six Sigma Certification
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Accounting
• #2 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
• #2 Fastest Accelerated Online Doctorate of Information Technology
• #3 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Bachelor's of Nursing Degree Programs
• #3 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
• #4 Best Online Bachelor's in Human Development Degree Programs for 2024
• #4 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #8 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
• #9 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #9 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #10 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
• #10 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #10 Best RN to BSN Online
• #11 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students
• #11 Best Online Master’s in Education
• #13 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #19 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #22 Best Online Master’s in Engineering
• #24 Best Online Master's in Management

Career Outlook for degree at University of Arkansas

University of Arkansas’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Joycelyn Elders
• Edward Durell Stone
• Nic Pizzolatto
• Michael Dertouzos
• Lucinda Roy
• Vince Foster
• Rodney E. Slater
• Samuel Totten
• W. T. Martin
• Barry Hannah
• Barry Switzer
• Sarah Caldwell

Are interested in a highly social campus with affordable in-state tuition. Students note that the university offers a welcoming campus culture with a wide range of clubs and activities to choose from.

Don’t enjoy a good walk. Students at University of Arkansas point out that the campus is actually quite hilly, which can make getting around a bit more challenging at times.

University of Nebraska–Lincoln

• #1 Most Affordable Colleges in Nebraska 2024
• #1 Best Research Universities in Nebraska 2024
• #1 Best Online MBA Programs in Nebraska
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Nebraska 2024
• #1 Best Online Master's Programs in Nebraska 2024
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's of Cybersecurity Degree Programs in Nebraska
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #2 Best Online MBA Programs in Wyoming
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Cybersecurity in Wyoming
• #3 Best Online MBAs in Finance
• #3 Best Online Master's in English
• #4 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #4 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
• #4 Best Online Master's in Organizational Leadership
• #5 Best Online Master's in Behavior Analysis Degree Programs
• #5 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #5 Best Online MBA in Supply Chain Management Ranked for Students in 2024
• #6 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
• #6 Best Online MBA in Business Analytics Ranked for Students in 2024
• #8 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #8 Best Online Master’s in Educational Administration
• #9 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #9 Best Online MBA in Marketing Degree Programs Ranked for Students in 2024
• #10 Best Online Master’s in Finance
• #13 Best Online Master’s in Emergency Management
• #15 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #15 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
• #16 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #20 The Best Online MBA Degree Programs in 2024 Ranked for Students
• #22 Best Online MBA Degree Programs for 2024 with No GMAT Required
• #24 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students

Career Outlook for degree at University of Nebraska–Lincoln

University of Nebraska–Lincoln’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• John J. Pershing
• Johnny Carson
• Richard Hamming
• Norman Malcolm
• Jay Wright Forrester
• Roscoe Pound
• George Beadle
• Donald J. Cram
• Willa Cather
• Alan J. Heeger
• Gene Okerlund
• J. P. Guilford

Enjoy an excellent college sports tradition. The school’s Cornhuskers compete in the Big Ten Conference and the men’s football team claims five national titles.

Are seeking an intimate campus experience. With more than 19,000 undergraduates, and roughly 5000 graduate students, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is organized into nine separate colleges across three campuses.

Florida International University

• #6 Best Grad Schools in Florida 2024
• #6 Best Research Universities in Florida 2024
• #16 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #23 Best Research Universities for Social Work Degrees
• #1 Best Online Bachelor’s in Public Administration Degree Programs for 2024
• #1 Most Affordable Early Childhood Education Bachelor's (Online, On-Campus)
• #1 Top 20 Most Affordable Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Programs
• #1 Best Online Bachelor's of Finance Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s of Gender Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's in Religious Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Bachelor’s in Marketing and Advertising Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Top 5 Best Online Criminal Justice Doctorates (PhDs) 2024
• #2 Best Online Master’s in Forensics Degree Programs
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Sports Management Degree Programs for 2024
• #3 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #3 Most Affordable Online Master's of Music Education Programs
• #3 Top 15 Most Affordable Online Information Technology PhD Programs
• #3 Best Online Bachelor’s of Electrical and Computer Engineering Degree Programs for 2024
• #4 Best Online Degrees for a Career in Teaching Ranked 2024
• #4 Best Online MBA Programs in Florida
• #4 Most Affordable Online Criminology Doctorate Programs (PhDs)
• #4 Best Online Colleges in Florida 2024
• #4 Most Affordable Online PhDs in Psychology Ranked for 2024
• #4 Best Online Bachelor’s in Information Technology Degree Programs for 2024
• #5 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Business Administration Doctorates
• #5 Best Online Master's Programs in Florida 2024
• #5 Best Online Master’s in Health Science
• #5 Best Online Bachelor's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs for 2024
• #6 Best Online Bachelor’s of History Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #6 Best Online Master's in Art Education and Art Administration
• #6 Best Online Bachelor's in Computer Science Degree Programs
• #7 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #7 The Most Affordable Online Clinical Nutrition Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #7 Best Online Master's in Hospitality and Tourism Degree Programs
• #7 Best Online Master's in Public Administration Degree Programs
• #8 Best Online Bachelor's in Interdisciplinary Studies Degree Programs for 2024
• #8 Best Online Master's in Cybersecurity
• #9 10 Best Online Master's of Music Education Degree Programs
• #9 Best Online Bachelor's in Criminal Justice
• #9 Best Online Master’s in Human Resources
• #11 Best Online Master’s in Health Informatics
• #12 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #12 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #12 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
• #13 Best Online Bachelor’s in Business Administration Degree Programs
• #14 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #14 Best Online Bachelor's in Psychology Degree Programs for Students
• #14 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
• #15 Most Affordable Online Criminal Justice PhDs (Doctorates)
• #16 Best Online Master's in Special Education
• #17 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #23 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #25 Top 50 Best No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #13 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Florida International University

Florida International University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Carmen Reinhart
• Andy García
• Mike Lowell
• Richard Blanco
• Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
• James F. O'Brien
• Christopher Ferguson
• Carlos Arroyo
• Norma M. Riccucci
• Irma Becerra Fernandez
• Dale Schilly

Like to get the best bang for their buck. FIU ranks tops in the state for “performance funding.”

Prefer a small campus and an intimate learning experience.

Texas Christian University

• #22 Best Research Universities for Criminal Justice Degrees
• #4 Best Online Colleges in Texas 2024
• #8 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
• #11 Best Online Master's Programs in Texas 2024
• #15 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #18 Fastest Online Bachelor's Degrees Ranked for 2024
• #21 Best Online Master's in Nursing MSN
• #25 Best Online Master's in Criminal Justice
• #15 Best Online PhD of Nursing (DNP) Degree Programs Ranked for 2024

Career Outlook for degree at Texas Christian University

Texas Christian University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Cleanth Brooks
• John Walvoord
• Joe B. Wyatt
• JoAnne Yates
• LaDainian Tomlinson
• Dave Hickey
• Paul W. Schroeder
• Bill Curtis
• Swanee Hunt
• Dale Martin
• Luke Wilson

Are hoping to get involved with Greek Life. Students note that sororities and fraternities play a big role in shaping campus culture at TCU.

Have financial constraints. Students at the private institution note that tuition is high and rising at TCU. This can place an education at TCU out of reach for some candidates.

Duquesne University

• #9 Best Private Colleges in Pennsylvania 2024
• #9 Best Grad Schools in Pennsylvania 2024
• #4 Best Online MBA Programs in Pennsylvania
• #4 Best Online Colleges in Pennsylvania 2024
• #5 Best Online Master's Programs in Pennsylvania 2024
• #6 Best Online Master’s in Educational Administration
• #8 Best Online Bachelor's in Organizational Leadership Degree Programs
• #10 Top 18 Most Affordable No GRE Online PhD Degree Programs
• #12 Best Online Christian Colleges and Universities for Master's Degrees
• #13 Best Online Master’s in Health Informatics
• #17 Top 20 Best Online Accredited Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #20 Best Online Doctorate in Education Degree Programs Ranked for Students

Career Outlook for degree at Duquesne University

Duquesne University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Michael Hayden
• Derrick Bell
• Richard E. Nisbett
• Thomas L. Thompson
• George Yancy
• Daniel A. Helminiak
• Thomas Hopko
• Samuel John Hazo
• Jerome Loving
• George Delahunty
• John Clayton

Enjoy small classes and one-on-one engagement from professors. Students note that Duquesne offers the balance of an intimate campus in an urban environment.

Do not align with the Catholic tradition of faith. Some students note that the culture, rules, and academics reflect a Catholic affiliation.

Texas Tech University

• #7 Best Colleges in Texas 2024
• #1 Best Online Colleges in Texas 2024
• #1 Best Online Master's in English
• #2 Best Online Bachelor's of English Degree Programs for 2024
• #2 Best Online Certificate in Liberal Arts and Humanities Ranked for Students
• #2 Best Online MBA Programs in Texas
• #2 Top 8 Best Online Public Health PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #3 Top 5 Best Online English PhD Degree Programs (Doctorates)
• #3 Fastest Accelerated Online Doctorate of Information Technology
• #4 10 Fastest Accelerated Online Master's of English Programs
• #4 Top 10 Best Online Master's of Public Relations Ranked 2024
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Communications Degree Programs for 2024
• #5 Best Online Bachelor’s of Digital Media for 2024
• #6 Best Online Bachelor’s of Early Childhood Education Degree Programs for 2024
• #6 Best Online Master’s in Engineering Management
• #7 Best Online Master's Programs in Texas 2024
• #7 Best Online Master's in Agriculture and Agribusiness Degree Programs
• #7 Best Online Bachelor's in Sociology Degree Programs Ranked for 2024
• #8 20 Fastest Accelerated Online English Doctorates (PhDs) 2024
• #8 10 Best Online Master's of Music Education Degree Programs
• #8 The Most Affordable Online Clinical Nutrition Doctorate Degree Programs (PhDs) 2024
• #9 Best Online Doctorate of Educational Psychology (PhDs) 2024
• #10 Best Online Master’s in Communications
• #11 Best Online Master's in Marketing and Advertising
• #12 The Best Online Colleges Ranked for Students in 2024
• #12 Top 20 Most Affordable Online Doctorate of Education (PhDs)
• #14 Best Online Master's in Computer Science Degree Programs
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Career Outlook for degree at Texas Tech University

Texas Tech University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• John Hinckley Jr.
• Arati Prabhakar
• James T. Richardson
• Mica Endsley
• Carolyn Eisele
• Paul E. Gray
• Guy McPherson
• John Denver
• Manuel H. Johnson
• M. David Rudd

Like a college with strong school spirit. Students repeatedly note that the school spirit is a major feature of campus life, which can make Texas Tech feel like one big community.

Are looking for a small campus. Like a lot of other things in Texas, Texas Tech is a sprawling campus. Students note that the sheer distance of walking between classes can sometimes be exhausting.

Virginia Commonwealth University

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Career Outlook for degree at Virginia Commonwealth University

Virginia Commonwealth University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Tom Robbins
• Charles Vess
• David Baldacci
• Marcus Rediker
• Emmet Gowin
• Sheri Reynolds
• Marilyn Tavenner
• Philip B. Meggs
• Robert Q. Marston
• Sudhir Srivastava
• Jack Trammell

Are seeking a culturally enriching campus experience. Students describe VCU as a community that embraces the arts, activism, and diversity.

Are seeking a more enveloping campus. VCU is situated in the city of Richmond, which can make the campus feel less immersive.

University of Alabama at Birmingham

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Career Outlook for degree at University of Alabama at Birmingham

University of Alabama at Birmingham’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Rebecca Bace
• Ray L. Watts
• Eli Capilouto
• Lawrence J. DeLucas
• Hadiyah-Nicole Green
• Graeme McDowell
• David B. Allison
• Clancy Blair
• Bruce R. Korf
• Selwyn M. Vickers
• Ricardo Azziz
• Jason Aaron

Want balance between big city life and a small town feel. Students describe the campus and surrounding Birmingham as offering a safe community in a vibrant urban setting.

Are seeking a broad selection of on-campus activities. Some students describe options as limited in this area.

University of Massachusetts Lowell

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Career Outlook for degree at University of Massachusetts Lowell

University of Massachusetts Lowell’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• Corey Lewandowski
• Eric Chaisson
• Roger Cressey
• Arthur G. Hunt
• Craig MacTavish
• Holly Yanco
• Raymond J. McNulty
• Dwayne Roloson
• George Chigas
• Marty Meehan
• John Traphagan

Are looking to get involved in campus life. Students note that there are many clubs and activities to choose from and that the campus is both welcoming and social.

Plan to commute to campus by car. Students routinely voice concerns over the lack of convenient parking and the limitations of on-campus transportation.

Nova Southeastern University

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Career Outlook for degree at Nova Southeastern University

Nova Southeastern University’s faculty and alumni have been influential in:

• John E. Douglas
• Megan Squire
• Tyler Cymet
• Charles Morin
• Andia Chaves Fonnegra
• Laurie J. Patterson

Are still deciding on their discipline. Nova Southeastern offers more than 150 graduate and undergraduate degrees across 14 colleges.

Have financial constraints. Some students note that even with financial aid, the cost of attendance remains comparatively high.

• What Is a PhD Thesis?
• Doing a PhD

This page will explain what a PhD thesis is and offer advice on how to write a good thesis, from outlining the typical structure to guiding you through the referencing. A summary of this page is as follows:

• A PhD thesis is a concentrated piece of original research which must be carried out by all PhD students in order to successfully earn their doctoral degree.
• The fundamental purpose of a thesis is to explain the conclusion that has been reached as a result of undertaking the research project.
• The typical PhD thesis structure will contain four chapters of original work sandwiched between a literature review chapter and a concluding chapter.
• There is no universal rule for the length of a thesis, but general guidelines set the word count between 70,000 to 100,000 words .

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis is the main output of a PhD as it explains your workflow in reaching the conclusions you have come to in undertaking the research project. As a result, much of the content of your thesis will be based around your chapters of original work.

For your thesis to be successful, it needs to adequately defend your argument and provide a unique or increased insight into your field that was not previously available. As such, you can’t rely on other ideas or results to produce your thesis; it needs to be an original piece of text that belongs to you and you alone.

What Should a Thesis Include?

Although each thesis will be unique, they will all follow the same general format. To demonstrate this, we’ve put together an example structure of a PhD thesis and explained what you should include in each section below.

Acknowledgements

This is a personal section which you may or may not choose to include. The vast majority of students include it, giving both gratitude and recognition to their supervisor, university, sponsor/funder and anyone else who has supported them along the way.

1. Introduction

Provide a brief overview of your reason for carrying out your research project and what you hope to achieve by undertaking it. Following this, explain the structure of your thesis to give the reader context for what he or she is about to read.

2. Literature Review

Set the context of your research by explaining the foundation of what is currently known within your field of research, what recent developments have occurred, and where the gaps in knowledge are. You should conclude the literature review by outlining the overarching aims and objectives of the research project.

3. Main Body

This section focuses on explaining all aspects of your original research and so will form the bulk of your thesis. Typically, this section will contain four chapters covering the below:

• your research/data collection methodologies,
• your results,
• a comprehensive analysis of your results,
• a detailed discussion of your findings.

Depending on your project, each of your chapters may independently contain the structure listed above or in some projects, each chapter could be focussed entirely on one aspect (e.g. a standalone results chapter). Ideally, each of these chapters should be formatted such that they could be translated into papers for submission to peer-reviewed journals. Therefore, following your PhD, you should be able to submit papers for peer-review by reusing content you have already produced.

4. Conclusion

The conclusion will be a summary of your key findings with emphasis placed on the new contributions you have made to your field.

When producing your conclusion, it’s imperative that you relate it back to your original research aims, objectives and hypotheses. Make sure you have answered your original question.

Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.

How Many Words Is a PhD Thesis?

A common question we receive from students is – “how long should my thesis be?“.

Every university has different guidelines on this matter, therefore, consult with your university to get an understanding of their full requirements. Generally speaking, most supervisors will suggest somewhere between 70,000 and 100,000 words . This usually corresponds to somewhere between 250 – 350 pages .

We must stress that this is flexible, and it is important not to focus solely on the length of your thesis, but rather the quality.

How Do I Format My Thesis?

Although the exact formatting requirements will vary depending on the university, the typical formatting policies adopted by most universities are:

What Happens When I Finish My Thesis?

After you have submitted your thesis, you will attend a viva . A viva is an interview-style examination during which you are required to defend your thesis and answer questions on it. The aim of the viva is to convince your examiners that your work is of the level required for a doctoral degree. It is one of the last steps in the PhD process and arguably one of the most daunting!

For more information on the viva process and for tips on how to confidently pass it, please refer to our in-depth PhD Viva Guide .

How Do I Publish My Thesis?

Unfortunately, you can’t publish your thesis in its entirety in a journal. However, universities can make it available for others to read through their library system.

If you want to submit your work in a journal, you will need to develop it into one or more peer-reviewed papers. This will largely involve reformatting, condensing and tailoring it to meet the standards of the journal you are targeting.

Browse PhDs Now

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Join thousands of other students and stay up to date with the latest PhD programmes, funding opportunities and advice.

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PhD by Distance

Become world-ready, from wherever you are in the world, with a UTS PhD by distance mode.

If your research is based internationally but you want access to UTS's world-leading researchers and reputation, you've been required to complete a PhD for your career but you don't want to relocate, or you want to expand your global networks to create real-world research impact, the PhD by distance mode might be right for you. 

A UTS PhD by distance mode empowers you to develop your future as a researcher in a global context —all without applying for a visa or subletting your apartment.

What you can expect

• full enrolment as a PhD student at UTS
• supervision and mentorship from a panel of experts
• administrative support and guidance from your faculty
• PhD from a Top 100 global university
• access to UTS online facilities and resources
• high-quality research training and professional skills development 

Study requirements

The study expectations of PhD by distance mode students are the same as on-campus students. This means that you will:

• need to meet the same admissions requirements , including English-language proficiency
• be supported by a panel of supervisors
• complete any mandatory coursework
• go through the same candidature stage assessments as other PhDs from your faculty
• be subject to the same student rules that govern PhD study at UTS
• have the same expected timelines for your study as other PhD students
• be liable for the same course fees as other international students unless you are assessed as eligible for a tuition fee scholarship

Support and development

As a fully-enrolled UTS student, you’ll have access to a variety of forms of support for your research, your professional development as a researcher, and your own health and wellbeing, including:

• UTS Library’s extensive digital catalogue and one-on-one researcher support
• online skills development workshops and training modules, including in areas like research writing, software training, and project management
• personalised advice from UTS Careers and access to online resources 
• inclusion in the online research student Teams channel

Find more information about the support available to you as a distance mode PhD student  (PDF, 0.8MB).  Please note that not all benefits available to on-campus students exist in digital form or translate to distance study.

Find out more: Distance mode is available for international students. Read all admissions requirements → There are scholarships that can help with fees. Find out more about the costs of a PhD by distance → Ready for the next steps? Explore the application process → 

UTS acknowledges the Gadigal people of the Eora Nation, the Boorooberongal people of the Dharug Nation, the Bidiagal people and the Gamaygal people, upon whose ancestral lands our university stands. We would also like to pay respect to the Elders both past and present, acknowledging them as the traditional custodians of knowledge for these lands.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

What is a phd.

A PhD is a Doctorate of Philosophy, a prestigious qualification which is the highest level of degree that a student can achieve, demonstrating talent, academic excellence and a thirst for knowledge. In a modern knowledge-based economy, highly educated and skilled people such as doctoral graduates, are in great demand. They form the most highly educated and skilled group in the UK and internationally. Many will go on to use their skills within academia or in research-intensive occupations in industry. However, there will be others who will draw on their research background and the skills gained through a doctoral degree in a wide variety of other occupations. Examples of the type of employment opportunities taken up by PhD holders can be found at Vitae: researcher careers .

What will I get from a PhD?

You will get a huge sense of personal achievement. Our doctoral training programme will help you develop transferable skills that will be invaluable in your subsequent career. The research techniques and methodologies you master will enable you to make a direct contribution to the advancement of knowledge in your particular subject area.

Successful candidates are awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and are permitted to use the title ‘Dr’.

How does it work?

The maximum registration for a PhD programme is four years with full-time study, or eight years with part-time study.

All PhD students are initially registered for a Master of Philosophy (MPhil), and the PhD registration is confirmed after the successful completion of an upgrade assessment (at the end of year 1 for full-time students and year 2 for part-time study). You will be registered for a PhD when you pass this upgrade. Your academic progress will be monitored throughout your degree studies, via formal progress reports and regular meetings with your supervisors.

You complete a body of primary, novel research and submit a doctoral thesis of up to 100,000 words, which you then defend via an oral examination (the viva) to the satisfaction of the examiners. Your thesis must meet the expectations specified in the Quality Code .

Entry requirements

Entry requirements vary according to the research topic and/or specific studentships. The normal minimum entrance requirement is an upper second class honours degree or masters degree, relevant to the proposed area of study, from a recognised higher education institution in the UK or other recognised degree-awarding body. The comparability of qualifications from outside the UK with The Open University requirements will be determined through reference to UK ENIC .

The research topic pages (within research areas ) give details of specific entry requirements, and provide contact details to discuss your suitability for the PhD.

English language proficiency

To study with us, you will need to have a good command of English. If your first language is not English, you will need to demonstrate your competence in the English Language in all four elements (reading, writing, listening and speaking). The University requires a minimum IELTS score of 6.5 with no less than 6.0 in any of the four categories (or approved equivalent). If you are an overseas student, you must have your level of proficiency certified through a provider approved by UK Visas and Immigration and provide your certificate and grade with your application.

Application closing dates

Entry may be permitted for direct registration with The Open University at the following points of year: October and February. This ensures that students benefit from development and training in peer groups. For further information on how to apply, see our Application process section. Application deadlines may differ between research topics and studentships; full details of topic application period is detailed in the topic page (within research areas ).

PhD student, Hannah Sargeant. Her research is focussed on water production from Moon rocks as part of the ProSPA instrument that will be flown to the Moon in 2025.

My PhD journey so far has been a wonderful learning experience that made me reflect upon my beliefs and stretch my thinking.

The sweetest thing about the PhD is that you’ve worked hard for it. It is an opportunity to make an original contribution to an academic area I have always found fascinating.

Your questions

For advice about applying for a research degree, or sponsoring a research student, email the Graduate School or call +44 (0)1908 653806.

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Blue Marble University

Scholarly, Convenient, Affordable…Online Degrees

Online Dissertation-Only PhD Degree

A new exciting 2 year online dissertation-only PhD program that serves the creative, inventive, and productive student by allowing the student to obtain a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree through the construction of a substantial creative independent work.

The dissertation only PhD program is open to anyone, from any field of endeavor,  and with any interest. There is no age or other requirement, nor any particular academic pre-requisite. The applicant has the burden during the application process of demonstrating that attendant skills have been mastered or obtained so as to result in a likely completion of the proposed independent project.

The work may be, by way of example and not meant to include all the categories, a novel, a work of history, an archaeological discovery, a film, a video, musical work, a research paper, a photographic journal, natural environment photography, a novel use of the internet or other modern technology, a unique creation of 3D modeling or virtual worlds, a contribution to robotics, a summary or review of medical technology…. in short- -any topic of interest to the student for which an original work that contributes to human kind or society may be completed. Special preference will be given to students who create special items to enhance the University, such as a virtual world area for the website or otherwise.

Please carefully study the following materials before making an inquiry:

Detailed Information on the Dissertation Only PhD Program  :

We follow the European and Asian traditions of long standing that a student who creates a body of original work related to technology research or an original work in the filed of the humanities can be considered for the award of a doctoral degree. While typically, no time requirement is associated with award of the doctoral degree, the usual time requirement is 3-8 years.  However,  in most instances, such as particularly in the technological fields, the independent work may be accomplished in connection with employment and therefore an 8 year period is not devoted strictly to academic pursuits full time. Our program is intended for 2 years including all pre-planning.

Please note before making an inquiry:

(1) We do not give advisory opinions about specific projects prior to the submission of a full Application, which can be submitted at any time and at no cost.

(2) Although every Application and Proposed Project is evaluated on a case by case basis, generally speaking, past publications submitted as satisfying our dissertation requirement are not favored . We are looking for a substantial body of work. We do not issue VAE degrees (Validation Des Acquis de l’experience) which are valid and commonplace in France and which are essentially based on work experience.

Suitability of the Applicant and the Proposed Project

In reviewing your submission, we will evaluate your abilities and past academic or other creative work to determine if you can be successful with your proposed project and bring it to completion.

In addition, the suitability of the proposed independent research or project is also evaluated.   It is not possible to list all the criteria that we consider specially, as this differs depending on whether a creative work, scientific research, invention, or other type of project is proposed. For research projects, the Applicant has the burden of demonstrating the current state of the science in the field of endeavor and in what respects the proposed independent work will advance the field. In addition, for all proposed projects, there is a subjective analysis as to whether or not the proposal is interesting and suitable for Blue Marble University to sponsor. The ability of the proposed work to be published, circulated, or disseminated is given a great deal of weight.

Pre-Planning vs. Planning

Pre-planning refers to sketching out an outline of the proposed project. This is done in connection with completing the “Supplement to Application” in which the Applicant demonstrates his/her plan for the project and gives preliminary details.

Formal Planning takes place after enrollment, in which the first 3-5 months are spent organizing the project, finalizing the procedure to be followed, planning for the publication and dissemination of the work, and ironing out any problems that may be evident.

(A) Who May Apply

The dissertation only PhD program is open to anyone, from any field of endeavor,   and with any interest. There is no age or other requirement, but see Academic Pre-requisites below.

(B) Academic Pre-requisites

Because the focus for this program is on the proposed independent work itself, rather than on past academic achievements and records, there are no academic pre-requisites for acceptance to this program. However, the ability of the student to complete a proposed project successfully, necessarily entails a review of the student’s skill levels in the areas of writing, communication, and presentation. The student has the burden during the application process of demonstrating that attendant skills have been mastered or obtained. This may be shown in part by past work or samples and/or other relevant demonstrations.

(C) How It Works

The Blue Marble University dissertation-only PhD requires the following:

(1) The student must complete an original work within the broad field of the Humanities and Liberal Arts.   And we use the word “humanities” very liberally, as that field initially included the sciences. Any and all topics and type of works and styles are considered. By “dissertation” we mean “an original body of work”. The work may be, by way of example and not meant to include all the categories, a novel, a work of history, an archaeological discovery, a film, a video, musical work, a research paper, a photographic journal, natural environment photography, a novel use of the internet or other modern technology, a unique creation of 3D modeling or virtual worlds, a contribution to robotics, a summary or review of medical technology…. in short– any topic of interest to the student for which an original work that contributes to human kind or society may be completed. Special preference will be given to students who create special items to enhance the University, such as a virtual world area for the website or otherwise.

(2) The work or goal of the work must be pre-approved by the Faculty of Blue Marble University in connection with the Application process.

(3) No academic courses are required as part of the program. However, depending on the type of project, suitable training and/or review may be prescribed. For example, a research paper requires the correct form for citations to references. So, some materials outside of the project itself may be suggested by the Faculty mentor.

(4) The Faculty have determined, based on a study of various criteria, that two years minimum is required for the completion of a worthy original work. Students may require longer, depending on their progress. However, from the University standpoint, we will consider a student’s original work that is submitted and completed after two years or longer. The first 3-5 months after enrollment is generally set aside for formal and final planning of the project.

(5) Criteria for Judgment of the work: First off, it is the intention of Blue Marble University to award a Dissertation-only PhD after the completion of   two years of work, provided the project is complete . It is not our goal either to extend the time period or to require lengthy periods. Of course, a student may require additional time to complete a project, which is OK as well, but additional annual tuition may be required in that event depending on the level of guidance required and the proximity to projected completion .   Because there are so many different types of works that may be submitted, there is no judgment criteria applicable to all. Each work must stand or fall on its own merits. The two primary principles involved in judging a successful work and in granting of a PhD degree are (1)   the work be original and substantial; (2) the work should be something that both the student and the University may be proud to present as an accomplishment worthy of the grant of a doctoral degree .

(6) Time spent on the project and the scheduling of time is up to the student. There are no set times that the student must report in, nor any classes. Students of course must communicate their progress to the Faculty mentor from time to time, and upon request, as well as submit progress reports and samples of work in progress.

There is no cost to apply. Tuition is $3,750 USD per year (With OurPayment Plan, $1350 down payment and 8 monthly payments of $300 USD); or $3,400 USD per year lump sum in advance. Many students complete their work in one to one and a half  years, some taking much longer. For some projects that may be completed within 1 year, the full annual tuition of $3,750 with payment plan is required, no discount for full lump sum payment.

(E) Degree Awarded and Academic Credentials

Upon completion of the project and approval of the student’s work, the University will issue its Degree with our standard wording, to the effect that the student named was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in Arts and Sciences, and specifying the field of endeavor. More information on the Form and Text of our Degrees can be found under the Academics section of our website at: https://bluemarbleuniversity.wordpress.com/form-text-and-issuance-of-diploma/

In addition, while no transcript of grades will be issued, an academic record similar to a transcript will be prepared which identifies the student and which details the independent work undertaken, the time frame to completion, and the approval of the work. If published in some manner, the publication details will be given. Transcripts, and a copy of the degree awarded are maintained permanently on the internet at the University website using password protected pages. The student or anyone to whom the password has been given may access such records at any time and for free.

(F) Copyright and License to Use

All independent work created by the student is the intellectual property of the student and may be published and used by the student for any purposes. The student, by entering into the program grants to Blue Marble University in perpetuity the right to use the work for non-commercial use, such as but not limited to promoting the academic excellence of the University, or publishing examples of student accomplishments. Separate considerations would apply to works intended for the direct benefit of Blue Marble University, such as the creation of a virtual world area for its website.

(G) Required Supplement to the Application to the Dissertation Only PhD Supplement To Dissertation Application-REQUIRED

(H) New Guidelines for Submission of Already Completed Works  or Works Substantially Completed

Since opening our program, we have had many inquiries from applicants wishing to submit works, research, and other materials essentially completed or substantially completed, and requesting that the program thus be achievable in one year. We have routinely denied consideration of such applications or inquiries.

However, upon further review, we have determined that such prior or ongoing works, research and other materials should in fact be considered as meeting our criteria for a scholarly body of work.

Blue Marble University will therefore consider   the submission of already completed works or works substantially completed, as meeting our requirements,  in part, for acceptance into our program with the following guidelines to be kept in mind:

(1) We do not give advisory opinions about the acceptability of specific projects prior to the submission of a full Application, which can be submitted at any time and at no cost.

(2) Every Application and Proposed Project is evaluated on a case by case basis, but generally speaking, past publications or substantially completed works   submitted as satisfying our dissertation requirement continue not to be favored and are held to a higher standard than work which will be supervised by Blue Marble University. We continue to be looking for a substantial body of work.

(3) Applicants must submit a General Application which you can find Here:  https://bluemarbleuniversity.wordpress.com/how-to-apply/application-to-doctoral-programs/

accompanied by the  Supplement To Dissertation Application-REQUIRED

and accompanied by the partially completed or completed work in pdf form if available.

(4) The Details of the Program (except for the time requirement) are all applicable.

(5) As additional criteria, the Applicant’s overall educational background and prior history of achievement will be reviewed and will weigh heavily on our decision for admittance into the program.

(6) Greater emphasis will also be placed on what evidence can be supplied from an independent qualified person or other source to the effect that the work is new, and advances the field of endeavor in some material way.

(7) Greater emphasis will be placed on the amount of work completed (although quanitity is not always a good criteria…wasn’t   E=mc2 written on a napkin?).

(8) Greater emphasis will also be placed on the plan for publication/dissemination of the proposed work.

(9) The cost of the program, assuming it can be completed in one year, is $3750 USD with no discount for advance lump sum payment. This is required because normally our student set-up costs are normally spread over multiple years.

(10) Please note that these additional new guidelines ONLY apply to those applicants seeking to submit already completed or substantially completed works. Normal applicants to our 2 year Dissertation-Only PhD program please continue to follow the details, descriptions, and application procedures given above: 

How to Apply Summary

(A) Complete the Blue Marble University General Application Procedure, which can be found on our APPLY page, as well as HERE . 

(B) Complete and Submit the Supplement to Application to the Dissertation Only PhD Program, which can be be found Supplement To Dissertation Application-REQUIRED

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And Now For Some Samples Of Our Student’s Works

These are some of our student’s dissertations. With your dedication, and our guidance, you can achieve a scholarly, published work just like these:

1. Doaa Elsayed Ahmed Aelsherif, PhD (Egypt):   An authoritative archeological treatise in the field of Biblical Archeology entitled: “The Mystery of the Temple of Solomon” published on Amazon, Click HERE

or download here: The Mystery of the Temple of Solomon

2. Gwen Gloria Ziede-Aviles, PhD (USA) : A research paper in Special Education published to her website, entitled “Parental Experiences with Adult Children (18-22) on the Autistic Spectrum who Attended New York State K-12 Schools” , published at: https://gwengloriaaviles.wordpress.com/my-dissertation/

or download here: Gwen Gloria Ziede-Aviles

3. Jeanne Elizabeth Stork, PhD (USA) : A research paper in Educational Design and Technology   entitled: “Learning Speeds for Mouse and Trackpad in Elementary School Students with Developmental Delays” , publication link:   https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7967264.v5  

or download here: Jeanne Elizabeth Stork

4. Joan Stephens Griffin, PhD (USA) : A humorous and easy reading semi-autobiographical novella about teaching Middle School, entitled: “A Teacher’s Life” , published at: https://figshare.com/s/4a2ff2c0450517ed2224

or download here: A Teacher’s Life

5. Robin B. Saunders, PhD (USA ): A media rich and very artistic presentation in the field of Digital Media and Communications entitled: “Cybersecurity for the Digitally Challenged” , and published as an electronic Apple iBook.

or download here, but not all media active: Robin B. Saunders

6. Carol Elaine Benjamin, PhD (USA) : A research Review Article in the field of Health Sciences entitled: “A Review of “Flesh Eating” Bacteria Cases in the United States” , published in a peer reviewed journal at: https://www.gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/10393/5466

or download here: Carol Benjamin

7. Alan W. Abrams, PhD (China) : A project involving a plan to teach Chinese Language in the field of Chinese Language Studies entitled: “Executive Chinese Language: Training your Team to Ride the Dragon”,  published on his website at: https://alanabramschina.wordpress.com

or download here: Executive Chinese Language

8. Kathryn S. Vannauker, PhD (USA) : A research report in the field of Clinical Psychology entitled: “Improving Satisfaction in Intimate Relationships” and published in a peer reviewed journal at: https://gssrr.org/index.php/JournalOfBasicAndApplied/article/view/3437/2128

or download here: Kathryn S Vannauker

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As a virtual   university, Blue Marble has no campus, but delivers educational opportunities over the internet to international students from everywhere, including the USA, Canada, Europe, many African countries, India, and Asia.

Blue Marble University…Always New….Always Exciting

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S&E from Campus to Career: Gavin Byrne - PhD by research in Heart Biomechanics at TU Delft

Tipperary native Gavin Byrne has just graduated from the integrated Masters in Biomedical Engineering at University of Limerick.

Now pursuing a 4 year PhD in heart biomechanics in TU Delft in the Netherlands, We caught up with Gavin to ask about the course, his time at UL, and any advice he might have for Leaving Certificate students.

Why did you choose to Study at University of Limerick?

I was born and raised in Clonmel in Co. Tipperary, surrounded by a dense network of industrial manufacturing companies ranging from all forms of pharmaceutical and engineering. This gave an incentive to engross myself in all things science and engineering and allowed me to become interested in technical problem solving and take on as many science subjects as possible in school. Following secondary school I identified UL as my university of choice due to its vast facilities that would satisfy my pursuit of problem solving while allowing the freedom to relax, explore, and try new things.

Why did you choose the integrated ME in Biomedical Engineering?

As a type 1 diabetic, I have always been enthralled with medical devices and how they help patients. With my keen interest in all things STEM, combined with my desire to create new and innovative ways to transform peoples’ lives, I decided to choose biomedical engineering.

What did you enjoy most about the course?

I was part of the first cohort to undertake the integrated ME in Biomedical Engineering. Due to this, in the later years of the 5 year course, we began to design biomedical devices and materials and showcase them in seminars both in the college and nationally. This gave a well rounded  experience as to the fine details of solving a biomedical engineering problem, solving the problems that the original solution created and repeating this to then identify the best method of presenting/selling this solution to a market – reflecting the in depth reality of biomedical engineering.

What did you enjoy about UL and what is student life like here?

UL is a great campus that has something for everyone. I was introduced to various alternate sports and activities that I still participate in. The student life is good in UL and allows a balance between social life and work.

Where did you complete your Cooperative Education Experience?

I completed my Cooperative Education Experience in Johnson & Johnson Medtech (then DePuy Synthes) in Ringaskiddy in Co. Cork.

How did UL support you throughout your studies?

UL was good in supporting me and provided additional assistance that allowed me to complete my studies with my diabetes.

Can you update us on your career, does it still hold relevance to what you would have studied in UL?

I am pursuing a 4 year PhD in TU Delft in the Netherlands. This career surrounds heart research and links directly with my studies in UL as it based on biomechanics and computational modelling, both topics that are vital parts of biomedical engineering in UL.

What advice would you give to Leaving Certificate students considering the next step in their career journey?

I would suggest that students identify the subjects they enjoyed in secondary school and search for careers and courses that these subjects are primary parts of. Students should research and filter these to identify a career path that combines topics they enjoy, and provides a good path to a job that is personally and financially satisfactory.

More information on the BE/ME in Biomedical Engineering can be found on the UL website .

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Postal Address:  Science & Engineering Faculty Office, Lonsdale Building, 1 st Floor, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland 

Email:  [email protected]

Phone:  +353 (0)61 202109  or +353 (0)61 202642

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ILRI PhD Graduate Fellowship- Climate Change and Conflict: Mitigation through Insurance

• Nairobi, Kenya

The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) seek to recruit a PhD graduate fellow to work on Climate Change and Conflict: Mitigation through Insurance. The successful fellow will be hosted by the Sustainable Livestock Systems (SLS) program at ILRI.

ILRI works to improve food and nutritional security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock. It is the only one of 15 CGIAR research centers ( https://www.cgiar.org/ ) dedicated entirely to animal agriculture research for the developing world. Co-hosted by Kenya and Ethiopia, it has regional or country offices in East, South and Southern Asia as well as Central, East, Southern and West Africa. www.ilri.org

The SLS program brings together technologies and approaches in a systems context to address synergies and trade-offs to optimize the economic, social and environmental roles of livestock. It also addresses the two-way interactions between livestock and the environment; while livestock production is often a driver of environmental change, future climate change will have significant impacts on livestock production. https://www.ilri.org/research/programs/sustainable-livestock-systems

Scope of Work

The project titled “Climate Change and Conflict: Mitigation through Insurance? (CCIC)“ is implementing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with pastoralists in Kenya and Ethiopia. The project cross-randomizes an encouragement design to promote uptake of livestock insurance with an edutainment intervention that aims to reduce conflict. It aims to test whether the edutainment intervention in combination with livestock insurance can help in mitigating resource-based conflict among pastoralist communities.

Consistent with the project’s objectives, the graduate fellow will implement an edutainment intervention as part of the CCIC project to assess its effect on cooperation among pastoralists. The graduate fellow will further contribute to the design and implementation of additional project activities including the insurance interventions, development of data collection tools and participation in data collection, and facilitation of meetings/engagements with stakeholders and project partners. They are expected to utilize project data for their thesis. This fellowship will further strengthen collaboration with local academic institutions.

Responsibilities of the fellow:

• Implement an edutainment intervention as assigned by the supervisors to test its effect on cooperation among pastoralists.
• Contribute to the design of data collection tools and implementation of actual data collection following protocols and procedures developed by the project team.
• Conduct data analysis for the edutainment intervention following the protocol and guidelines developed by the project team.
• Participate actively and regularly in project meetings.
• Submit monthly progress reports to the supervisors and maintain effective communication with the supervisors.
• Support other project activities as assigned by the supervisors and project principal investigators.
• Support the identification and implementation of peacebuilding/conflict mitigation interventions.
• Ensure good collaboration with project partners.

Requirements & qualifications:

• Completed MSc in Environmental Governance or any other relevant MSc course.
• Possess an acceptance to a PhD in Environmental Governance and Management or related PhD program.

Location: ILRI, Nairobi.

Duration:  3 years.

Terms of appointment and stipend

ILRI will offer a competitive stipend to cover living expenses in the project location, medical insurance cover, university tuition fees and meet research expenses. The successful candidate will be supervised jointly by an ILRI scientist and university/academic supervisor/s.

How to apply: All applications MUST include the following (applications without the below documents will not be considered):

• a cover letter expressing their interest in the fellowship position and what they can bring to the fellowship.
• CV including names and addresses (including telephone and email) of three referees who are

knowledgeable about the candidate’s professional qualifications and work experience.

• academic qualification certificates/transcripts.

Applications should be sent to the Capacity Development Manager, ILRI by clicking on the tab "APPLY NOW" on or before 10th September 2024 . The position title and reference number REF: GF/LCE/01/2024 should be clearly marked on the subject line of the cover letter.

We thank all applicants for their interest in working for ILRI. Due to the volume of applications, only shortlisted candidates will be contacted.

ILRI does not charge a fee at any stage of the recruitment process (application, interview meeting, processing or training). ILRI also does not concern itself with information on applicants' bank accounts.

To find out more about ILRI visit our websites at http://www.ilri.org